Impacts of Legacy and Contemporary Nitrogen Inputs on N 2 O and CO 2 Emissions in Miscanthus and Maize Cultivated Soils
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- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA, DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA, Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA, Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA, Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA, Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Champaign Illinois USA
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
ABSTRACT Nutrient inputs influence the sustainability of bioenergy crop production through contemporary (shortly after addition) and legacy effects (persisting over years) on microbial nitrogen (N) and carbon cycling, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. However, the relative importance of contemporary and legacy effects and how that could vary by crop functional types is poorly understood. Considering its rhizomatous roots and perennial growth, we hypothesized that Miscanthus × giganteus (M×g) would be more sensitive to legacy N fertilization and the historical context of its environment than an annual crop like maize. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of legacy and contemporary N inputs on nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions, as well as key N cycling genes in soils where M×g and maize were grown. A 150‐day soil incubation experiment was conducted using soils from a long‐term M×g and maize fertility experiment with three historic N fertilization rates (0, 112, and 336 kg N ha −1 year −1 ) and a contemporary amendment (60 mg N kg −1 ) with negative control (0 mg N kg −1 ). We observed significant increases in cumulative N 2 O emissions in Mxg soils relative to maize soils, particularly at higher legacy fertilization rates, while contemporary N had no significant effect. Bacterial amo A gene abundance, which plays a significant role in nitrification in nutrient‐rich soils, also increased with higher legacy fertilization rates in M×g soils but was unaffected by the contemporary N. In maize soils, legacy and contemporary N did not significantly affect N 2 O emissions, but cumulative CO 2 emissions and amo A gene abundance significantly increased. The abundances of nor B genes were not significantly influenced by either legacy fertilization or contemporary N amendments in either soil. Our findings demonstrate the greater importance of fertilization history over contemporary N in mediating soil N 2 O emissions, particularly for perennial bioenergy crops.
- Research Organization:
- Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), Urbana, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0018420
- OSTI ID:
- 2484089
- Journal Information:
- Global Change Biology. Bioenergy, Journal Name: Global Change Biology. Bioenergy Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 17; ISSN 1757-1693
- Publisher:
- Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
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