Nanoporous Carbon Coatings Direct Li Electrodeposition Morphology and Performance in Li Metal Anode Batteries

Harrison, Katharine L.; Goriparti, Subrahmanyam; Long, Daniel M.; Martin, Rachel I.; Warren, Benjamin; Merrill, Laura C.; Wolak, Matthaeus A.; Sananes, Alexander; Siegal, Michael P.

doi:10.3390/batteries11010010

Title: Nanoporous Carbon Coatings Direct Li Electrodeposition Morphology and Performance in Li Metal Anode Batteries

Journal Article · 26 December 2024 · Batteries

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11010010 · OSTI ID:2483926

;

; Long, Daniel M.; Martin, Rachel I.; Warren, Benjamin;

; Wolak, Matthaeus A.; Sananes, Alexander; Siegal, Michael P.

Li metal anodes could significantly improve battery energy density. However, Li generally electrodeposits in poorly controlled morphology, leading to safety and performance problems. One factor that controls Li anode performance and electrodeposition morphology is the nature of the electrolyte–current collector interface. Herein, we modify the Cu current collector interface by depositing precisely controlled nanoporous carbon (NPC) coatings using pulsed laser deposition to develop an understanding of how NPC coating density and thickness impact Li electrodeposition. We find that NPC density and thickness guide Li morphological evolution differently and dictate whether Li deposits at the NPC-Cu or NPC-electrolyte interface. NPC coatings generally lower overpotential for Li electrodeposition, though thicker NPC coatings limit kinetics when cycling at a high rate. Lower-density NPC enables the highest Coulombic efficiency (CE) during calendar aging tests, and higher-density NPC enables the highest CE during cycling tests.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2483926

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5K00-90844; SAND--2025-00192J; PII: batteries11010010

Journal Information:: Batteries, Journal Name: Batteries Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 11; ISSN 2313-0105; ISSN BATTAT

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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