Evaluating cosmological biases using photometric redshifts for Type Ia Supernova cosmology with the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program

Journal Article · 08 December 2024 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae2703 · OSTI ID:2482602

Chen, R C  ^[1]; Scolnic, D  ^[1]; Vincenzi, M  ^[2]; Rykoff, E S ^[3]; Myles, J ^[4]; Kessler, R ^[5]; Popovic, B ^[6]; Sako, M ^[7]; Smith, M ^[8]; Armstrong, P  ^[9]; Brout, D ^[10]; Davis, T M ^[11]; Galbany, L ^[12]; Lee, J ^[7]; Lidman, C ^[13]; Möller, A ^[14]; Sánchez, B O ^[15]; Sullivan, M ^[16]; Qu, H ^[7]; Wiseman, P ^[16] ; Abbott, T M C ^[17]; Aguena, M ^[18]; Allam, S ^[19]; Alves, O ^[20]; Andrade-Oliveira, F ^[21]; Annis, J ^[19]; Bacon, D ^[22]; Brooks, D ^[23]; Carnero Rosell, A ^[24]; Carretero, J ^[25]; Choi, A ^[26]; Conselice, C ^[27]; da Costa, L N ^[18]; Pereira, M E S ^[28]; Diehl, H T ^[19]; Doel, P ^[23]; Everett, S ^[29]; Ferrero, I ^[30]; Flaugher, B ^[19]; Frieman, J ^[31]; García-Bellido, J ^[32]; Gatti, M ^[7]; Gaztanaga, E ^[33]; Giannini, G ^[34]; Gruen, D ^[35]; Gruendl, R A ^[36]; Gutierrez, G ^[19]; Herner, K ^[19]; Hinton, S R ^[11]; Hollowood, D L ^[37]; Honscheid, K ^[38]; Huterer, D ^[20]; James, D J ^[39]; Kuehn, K ^[40]; Lewis, G F ^[41]; Lima, M ^[42]; Marshall, J L ^[43]; Mena-Fernández, J ^[44]; Menanteau, F ^[36]; Miquel, R ^[45]; Ogando, R L C ^[46]; Palmese, A ^[47]; Pieres, A ^[48]; Plazas Malagón, A A ^[3]; Roodman, A ^[3]; Samuroff, S ^[49]; Sanchez, E ^[50]; Sanchez Cid, D ^[50]; Sevilla-Noarbe, I ^[50]; Suchyta, E ^[51]; Swanson, M E C ^[52]; Tarle, G ^[20]; To, C ^[53]; Tucker, D L ^[19]; Vikram, V ^[7]; Weaverdyck, N ^[54]; Weller, J ^[55]

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1. Department of Physics, Duke University , Durham, NC 27708 ,
2. Department of Physics, Duke University , Durham, NC 27708 ,; NASA Einstein Fellow; Department of Physics, University of Oxford , Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH ,
3. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University , P. O. Box 2450, Stanford, CA 94305 ,; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, CA 94025 ,
4. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 ,
5. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637 ,; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637 ,
6. Department of Physics, Duke University , Durham, NC 27708 ,; Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CNRS, IP2I Lyon / IN2P3, IMR 5822, F-69622 Villeurbanne ,
7. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 ,
8. Physics Department, Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YB ,
9. The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 2601 ,
10. Department of Astronomy, Boston University , 725 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215 ,; Department of Physics, Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215 ,
11. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072 ,
12. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona ,; Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona ,
13. The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 2601 ,; Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, College of Science, The Australian National University , Acton, ACT 2601 ,
14. Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , Victoria 3122 ,
15. Department of Physics, Duke University , Durham, NC 27708 ,; Aix Marseille University , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille ,
16. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ ,
17. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , Casilla 603, La Serena ,
18. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400 ,
19. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 ,
20. Department of Physics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 ,
21. Physik-Institute, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich ,
22. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth PO1 3FX ,
23. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT ,
24. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400 ,; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias , E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife ,
25. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona),
26. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,
27. Jodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL ,; University of Nottingham, School of Physics and Astronomy , Nottingham NG7 2RD ,
28. Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg , Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg ,
29. California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Blvd, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 ,
30. Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo ,
31. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637 ,; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 ,
32. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , E-28049 Madrid ,
33. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona ,; Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona ,; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth PO1 3FX ,
34. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637 ,; Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona),
35. University Observatory, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 Munich ,
36. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications , 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801 ,; Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801 ,
37. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics , Santa Cruz, CA 95064 ,
38. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 ,; Department of Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 ,
39. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 ,
40. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University , North Ryde, NSW 2113 ,; Lowell Observatory , 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 ,
41. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, A28, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006 ,
42. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400 ,; Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo , CP 66318, São Paulo SP 05314-970 ,
43. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843 ,
44. LPSC Grenoble - 53 , Avenue des Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble ,
45. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona),; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , E-08010 Barcelona ,
46. Observatório Nacional , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400 ,
47. Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312 ,
48. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400 ,; Observatório Nacional , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ-20921-400 ,
49. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona),; Department of Physics, Northeastern University , Boston, MA 02115 ,
50. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) , 28040 Madrid ,
51. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, TN 37831 ,
52. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications , 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801 ,
53. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 ,
54. Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 ,; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 ,
55. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstrasse, D-85748 Garching ,; Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München , Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 München ,

Cosmological analyses with Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) have traditionally been reliant on spectroscopy for both classifying the type of supernova and obtaining reliable redshifts to measure the distance–redshift relation. While obtaining a host-galaxy spectroscopic redshift for most SNe is feasible for small-area transient surveys, it will be too resource intensive for upcoming large-area surveys such as the Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, which will observe on the order of millions of SNe. Here, we use data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) to address this problem with photometric redshifts (photo-z) inferred directly from the SN light curve in combination with Gaussian and full p(z) priors from host-galaxy photo-z estimates. Using the DES 5-yr photometrically classified SN sample, we consider several photo-z algorithms as host-galaxy photo-z priors, including the Self-Organizing Map redshifts (SOMPZ), Bayesian Photometric Redshifts (BPZ), and Directional-Neighbourhood Fitting (DNF) redshift estimates employed in the DES 3 × 2 point analyses. With detailed catalogue-level simulations of the DES 5-yr sample, we find that the simulated w can be recovered within ±0.02 when using SN+SOMPZ or DNF prior photo-z, smaller than the average statistical uncertainty for these samples of 0.03. With data, we obtain biases in w consistent with simulations within ~1σ for three of the five photo-z variants. We further evaluate how photo-z systematics interplay with photometric classification and find classification introduces a subdominant systematic component. This work lays the foundation for next-generation fully photometric SNe Ia cosmological analyses.

• Research Organization: ARC, Canberra; Australia, CSIRO, North Ryde; Australian Natl. U., Canberra; Australian Natl. U., Canberra (main); Barcelona, Autonoma U.; Barcelona, IEEC; Barcelona, IFAE; Boston U.; Caltech, JPL; Carnegie Mellon U.; Cerro-Tololo InterAmerican Obs.; Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.; Chicago U., KICP; Duke U.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE; Hamburg Observ.; Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; IAC, La Laguna; ICREA, Barcelona; Illinois U., Urbana (main); Illinois U., Urbana, Astron. Dept.; Inst. Theor. Astrophys., Oslo; Jodrell Bank; LBNL, Berkeley; LIneA, Rio de Janeiro; LPSC, Grenoble; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lowell Observ.; Madrid, CIEMAT; Madrid, Escuela Tec. Sup. Ing. Ind.; Madrid, IFT; Marseille, CPPM; Munich U.; NASA, Goddard; Northeastern U.; Nottingham U.; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Ohio State U.; Ohio State U., CCAPP; Pennsylvania U.; Portsmouth U., ICG; Princeton U., Astrophys. Sci. Dept.; Queensland U.; Rio de Janeiro Observ.; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Sao Paulo U., Sao Carlos; Southampton U.; Swinburne U. Tech., Hawthorn; Texas A-M; U. Michigan, Ann Arbor; UC, Berkeley, Astron. Dept.; UC, Santa Cruz; University Coll. London; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Zurich U.
• Sponsoring Organization: MICINN; National Science Foundation (NSF); US Department of Energy; USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
• Contributing Organization: DES Collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: 89243024CSC000002; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-07CH11359; AC05-00OR22725; SC0010007; SC0014664; SC0019193
• OSTI ID: 2482602
• Report Number(s): DES-2023-0819; FERMILAB-PUB-24-0360-PPD
• Journal Information: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 536; ISSN 0035-8711; ISSN 1365-2966
• Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)Copyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English