A Vertically Resolved Canopy Improves Chemical Transport Model Predictions of Ozone Deposition to North Temperate Forests
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- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA, Department of Chemistry Colorado State University Ft. Collins CO USA, Now at Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
- Department of Chemistry Colorado State University Ft. Collins CO USA
- Meteorology and Air Quality Section Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
- Meteorology and Air Quality Section Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands, Now at European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Bonn Germany
- Tofwerk AG Thun Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison WI USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire Eau Claire WI USA
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison WI USA
- Boulder A.I.R. LLC Boulder CO USA
- Department of Chemistry Harvey Mudd College Claremont CA USA
- Department of Chemistry Colorado State University Ft. Collins CO USA, Now at Engineering Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg MD USA
- Department of Chemistry Colorado State University Ft. Collins CO USA, Now at Aerodyne Research Inc. Billerica MA USA
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder CO USA
Abstract Dry deposition is the second largest tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) sink and occurs through stomatal and nonstomatal pathways. Current O 3 uptake predictions are limited by the simplistic big‐leaf schemes commonly used in chemical transport models (CTMs) to parameterize deposition. Such schemes fail to reproduce observed O 3 fluxes over terrestrial ecosystems, highlighting the need for more realistic treatment of surface‐atmosphere exchange in CTMs. We address this need by linking a resolved canopy model (1D Multi‐Layer Canopy CHemistry and Exchange Model, MLC‐CHEM) to the GEOS‐Chem CTM and use this new framework to simulate O 3 fluxes over three north temperate forests. We compare results with in situ measurements from four field studies and with standalone, observationally constrained MLC‐CHEM runs to test current knowledge of O 3 deposition and its drivers. We show that GEOS‐Chem overpredicts observed O 3 fluxes across all four studies by up to 2×, whereas the resolved‐canopy models capture observed diel profiles of O 3 deposition and in‐canopy concentrations to within 10%. Relative humidity and solar irradiance are strong O 3 flux drivers over these forests, and uncertainties in those fields provide the largest remaining source of model deposition biases. Flux partitioning analysis shows that: (a) nonstomatal loss accounts for 60% of O 3 deposition on average; (b) in‐canopy chemistry makes only a small contribution to total O 3 fluxes; and (c) the CTM big‐leaf treatment overestimates O 3 ‐driven stomatal loss and plant phytotoxicity in these temperate forests by up to 7×. Results motivate the application of fully online vertically explicit canopy schemes in CTMs for improved O 3 predictions.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- OSTI ID:
- 2482592
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres Journal Issue: 24 Vol. 129; ISSN 2169-897X
- Publisher:
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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