Circuit-Based Leakage-to-Erasure Conversion in a Neutral-Atom Quantum Processor

Journal Article · 16 December 2024 · PRX Quantum

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/prxquantum.5.040343 · OSTI ID:2481606

Chow, Matthew N. H.  ^[1]; Buchemmavari, Vikas  ^[2]; Omanakuttan, Sivaprasad  ^[2]; Little, Bethany J.  ^[3]; Pandey, Saurabh ^[3]; Deutsch, Ivan H.  ^[2]; Jau, Yuan-Yu  ^[1]

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1. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
2. Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
3. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Atom-loss errors are a major limitation of current state-of-the-art neutral-atom quantum computers and pose a significant challenge for scalable systems. In a quantum processor with cesium atoms, we demonstrate proof-of-principle circuit-based conversion of this form of leakage error to erasure errors via leakage-detection units (LDUs), which nondestructively map information about the presence or absence of the qubit onto the state of an ancilla. We benchmark the performance of the LDU using a three-outcome low-loss state-detection method and find that the LDU detects atom-loss errors with approximately 93.4% accuracy, limited by technical imperfections of our apparatus. We further compile and execute a SWAP LDU, wherein the roles of the original data atom and ancilla atom are exchanged under the action of the LDU, providing “free refilling” of atoms in the case of atom loss. This circuit-based leakage-to-erasure error conversion is a critical component of a neutral-atom quantum processor where the quantum information may significantly outlive the lifetime of any individual atom in the quantum register. Finally, we demonstrate that LDUs may also be used to handle other forms of leakage errors where population moves to states outside of the computational subspace.

• Research Organization: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• Grant/Contract Number: NA0003525
• OSTI ID: 2481606
• Journal Information: PRX Quantum, Journal Name: PRX Quantum Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 5; ISSN 2691-3399
• Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English