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Title: Occurrence of Gravitational Collapse in the Accreting Neutron Stars of Binary-driven Hypernovae

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal
 [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [5]; ORCiD logo [6]; ORCiD logo [7]
  1. Universidad Mayor, Santiago (Chile); IICRANet, Pescara (Italy)
  2. Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) (Spain)
  3. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
  4. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC (Brazil)
  5. University of Coimbra (Portugal)
  6. IICRANet, Pescara (Italy); Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy); Univ. degli Studi di Ferrara (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Roma (Italy)
  7. IICRANet, Pescara (Italy); Sapienza Università di Roma (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Roma (Italy)

The binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) model proposes long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate in binaries composed of a carbon–oxygen (CO) star and a neutron star (NS) companion. The CO core collapse generates a newborn NS and a supernova that triggers the GRB by accreting onto the NSs, rapidly transferring mass and angular momentum to them. This article aims to determine the conditions under which a black hole (BH) forms from NS collapse induced by the accretion and the impact on the GRB's observational properties and taxonomy. We perform three-dimensional, smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of BdHNe using up-to-date NS nuclear equations of state, with and without hyperons, and calculate the structure evolution in full general relativity. We assess the binary parameters leading either NS in the binary to the critical mass for gravitational collapse into a BH and its occurrence time, tcol. We include a nonzero angular momentum of the NSs and find that tcol ranges from a few tens of seconds to hours for decreasing NS initial angular momentum values. BdHNe I are the most compact (about 5 minute orbital period), promptly form a BH, and release ≳1052 erg of energy. They form NS–BH binaries with tens of kiloyears merger timescales by gravitational-wave emission. BdHNe II and III do not form BHs, and release ~1050–1052 erg and ≲1050 erg of energy, respectively. They form NS–NS binaries with a range of merger timescales larger than for NS–BH binaries. In some compact BdHNe II, either NS can become supramassive, i.e., above the critical mass of a nonrotating NS. Magnetic braking by a 1013 G field can delay BH formation, leading to BH–BH or NS–BH with tens of kiloyears merger timescales.

Research Organization:
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
Grant/Contract Number:
89233218CNA000001
OSTI ID:
2481568
Report Number(s):
LA-UR--23-33421
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 976; ISSN 0004-637X
Publisher:
IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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