Fabrication of bismuth-telluride thermoelectric wires by friction extrusion

Whalen, Scott A.; Overman, Nicole R.; Taysom, B. Scott; Milligan, Brian K.; Tillman, Micah; Bishop, Derik; Renner, Peter; Qiao, Yao; Montgomery, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2024.113527

Title: Fabrication of bismuth-telluride thermoelectric wires by friction extrusion

Journal Article · 03 December 2024 · Materials & Design

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2024.113527 · OSTI ID:2480395

^[1]; Overman, Nicole R. ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Tillman, Micah ^[2]; Bishop, Derik ^[2];

^[1]; Qiao, Yao ^[1]; Montgomery, Robert ^[1]

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Efficient conversion of low-grade heat into electric power is challenging for thermoelectric materials and systems. This is because the high-aspect ratio thermoelectric elements needed for maximum conversion efficiency are difficult and costly to manufacture. In this work, friction extrusion is explored as a new method for fabricating bulk bismuth-telluride (BiTe) wires that can be sectioned into high-aspect ratio thermoelectric elements. Bismuth-telluride feedstock materials in the form of vacuum hot-pressed powder and castings are processed by friction extrusion into meters-long wires having 2.5 mm and 1.0 mm diameters. The novel deformation process gives an average grain size below 5 µm and preferential c-axis texture alignment perpendicular to the extrusion direction. Results for Seebeck coefficient, resistivity, power factor, and weighted mobility show that transport properties exceeding that of high-performance vacuum hot-pressed powders are achieved through friction extrusion of simple castings. The unique deformation conditions at the rotating die/feedstock interface enables a much higher extrusion ratio (161:1) than is possible with conventional extrusion. This is a key enabler for extruding small wire diameters from cast billets.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2480395

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--202839

Journal Information:: Materials & Design, Journal Name: Materials & Design Vol. 248; ISSN 0264-1275

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
bismuth-telluride
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friciton extrusion
solid phase processing
thermoelectric

Title: Fabrication of bismuth-telluride thermoelectric wires by friction extrusion

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