Glaciation of liquid clouds, snowfall, and reduced cloud cover at industrial aerosol hot spots

Toll, Velle; Rahu, Jorma; Keernik, Hannes; Trofimov, Heido; Voormansik, Tanel; Manshausen, Peter; Hung, Emma; Michelson, Daniel; Christensen, Matthew W.; Post, Piia; Junninen, Heikki; Murray, Benjamin J.; Lohmann, Ulrike; Watson-Parris, Duncan; Stier, Philip; Donaldson, Norman; Storelvmo, Trude; Kulmala, Markku; Bellouin, Nicolas

doi:10.1126/science.adl0303

Title: Glaciation of liquid clouds, snowfall, and reduced cloud cover at industrial aerosol hot spots

Journal Article · 15 November 2024 · Science

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adl0303 · OSTI ID:2478847

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University of Tartu (Estonia)
Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON (Canada)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
University of Leeds (United Kingdom)
Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zurich (Switzerland)
Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
Univ. of Oslo (Norway)
Univ. of Helsinki (Finland)
Univ. of Reading (United Kingdom)

The ability of anthropogenic aerosols to freeze supercooled cloud droplets remains debated. Here, in this work, we present observational evidence for the glaciation of supercooled liquid-water clouds at industrial aerosol hot spots at temperatures between -10° and -24°C. Compared with the nearby liquid-water clouds, shortwave reflectance was reduced by 14% and longwave radiance was increased by 4% in the glaciation-affected regions. There was an 8% reduction in cloud cover and an 18% reduction in cloud optical thickness. Additionally, daily glaciation-induced snowfall accumulations reached 15 millimeters. Glaciation events downwind of industrial aerosol hot spots indicate that anthropogenic aerosols likely serve as ice-nucleating particles. However, rare glaciation events downwind of nuclear power plants indicate that factors other than aerosol emissions may also play a role in the observed glaciation events.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2478847

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--205704

Journal Information:: Science, Journal Name: Science Journal Issue: 6723 Vol. 386; ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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