Modelling of the electron cyclotron emission burst from a laboratory tokamak plasma with loss-cone maser instability

Yu, Guanying; Kramer, Gerrit; Zhu, Yilun; Austin, Max; Denk, Severin; Yoo, Min-Gu; Li, Xiaoliang; Zhao, Bingzhe; Xie, Ruifeng; Li, Zeyu; Chen, Ying; Liu, Xianzi; Qiu, Shasha; Xu, Xinhang; Luhmann, Jr., N. C.

doi:10.1017/s0022377824001430

Title: Modelling of the electron cyclotron emission burst from a laboratory tokamak plasma with loss-cone maser instability

Journal Article · 21 November 2024 · Journal of Plasma Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022377824001430 · OSTI ID:2478406

^[1]; Kramer, Gerrit ^[2];

^[3]; Austin, Max ^[4]; Denk, Severin ^[5]; Yoo, Min-Gu ^[5]; Li, Xiaoliang ^[3]; Zhao, Bingzhe ^[6]; Xie, Ruifeng ^[7]; Li, Zeyu ^[5]; Chen, Ying ^[3]; Liu, Xianzi ^[3]; Qiu, Shasha ^[3]; Xu, Xinhang ^[3]; Luhmann, Jr., N. C. ^[3]

University of California, Davis, CA (United States); University of California, Davis, CA
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
University of California, Davis, CA (United States)
University of Texas at Austin, TX (United States)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI (United States)

The maser instability associated with the loss-cone distribution has been widely invoked to explain the radio bursts observed in the astrophysical plasma environment, such as aurora and corona. In the laboratory plasma of a tokamak, events reminiscent of these radio bursts have also been frequently observed as an electron cyclotron emission (ECE) burst in the microwave range (~2f_ce near the last closed flux surface) during transient magnetohydrodynamic events. These bursts have a short duration of ~10 μs and display a radiation spectrum corresponding to a radiation temperature T_e,rad of over 30 keV while the edge thermal electron temperature T_e is only in the range of 1 keV. Suprathermal electrons can be generated through magnetic reconnection, and a loss-cone distribution can be generated through open stochastic field lines in the magnetic mirror of the near-edge region of a tokamak plasma. Radiation modelling shows that a sharp distribution gradient ∂f/∂v_⊥ > 0 at the loss-cone boundary can cause a negative absorption of ECE radiation through the maser instability. The negative absorption then amplifies the radiation so that the microwave intensity is significantly stronger than the thermal value. The significant T_e,rad from the simulations suggests the potential role of the loss-cone maser instability in generating the ECE burst in a tokamak.

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Research Organization:: General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); University of California, Davis, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC) Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; FC02-04ER54698; FG02-97ER54415; FG02-99ER54531; SC0019003; SC0023378; SC0023500

OSTI ID:: 2478406

Journal Information:: Journal of Plasma Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Plasma Physics Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 90; ISSN 0022-3778

Publisher:: Cambridge University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Modelling of the electron cyclotron emission burst from a laboratory tokamak plasma with loss-cone maser instability

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