Direct quarkonium production in DIS from a joint CGC and NRQCD framework

Cheung, Vincent; Kang, Zhong-Bo; Salazar, Farid; Vogt, Ramona

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.110.094039

Title: Direct quarkonium production in DIS from a joint CGC and NRQCD framework

Journal Article · 19 November 2024 · Physical Review. D.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.094039 · OSTI ID:2478180

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We compute the differential cross section for direct quarkonium production in high-energy electron-nucleus collisions at small $x$ . Our computation is performed within the nonrelativistic QCD factorization formalism that separates the calculation into short distance coefficients and long distance matrix elements that depend on the color and spin of the state. We obtain the short distance coefficients of the production of the heavy quark pair within the framework of the color glass condensate effective field theory, which resums coherent multiple interactions of the heavy quark pair with the nucleus to all orders. Our results are expressed as the convolution of perturbatively calculable functions with multipoint lightlike Wilson line correlators. In the correlation limit, we establish the correspondence between our color glass condensate formulation with calculations employing the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) framework. We extend this correspondence by resumming kinematic power corrections within the improved TMD framework, which interpolates between the TMD formalism and $k_{⊥}$ -factorization formalism. We present a detailed numerical analysis, focusing on $J / ψ$ production in the kinematics accessible at the future Electron-Ion Collider, highlighting the importance of genuine higher-order saturation contributions when the electron collides with a large nucleus. Our results are also valid in the photoproduction limit where we expect the largest contribution from genuine higher-order saturation contributions which could be accessed in ultraperipheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-00ER41132; AC52-07NA27344; SC0023547

OSTI ID:: 2478180

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 110; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Heavy quarkonium fragmentation functions from a heavy quark pair. I. S wave Ma, Yan-Qing; Qiu, Jian-Wei; Zhang, Hong Physical Review D, Vol. 89, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.89.094029	journal	May 2014
Heavy quarkonium fragmentation functions from a heavy quark pair. II. P wave Ma, Yan-Qing; Qiu, Jian-Wei; Zhang, Hong Physical Review D, Vol. 89, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.89.094030	journal	May 2014
Heavy quarkonium production at collider energies: Factorization and evolution Kang, Zhong-Bo; Ma, Yan-Qing; Qiu, Jian-Wei Physical Review D, Vol. 90, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.90.034006	journal	August 2014
Heavy quarkonium production at collider energies: Partonic cross section and polarization Kang, Zhong-Bo; Ma, Yan-Qing; Qiu, Jian-Wei Physical Review D, Vol. 91, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.91.014030	journal	January 2015
Forward J / ψ production in proton-nucleus collisions at high energy Ducloué, B.; Lappi, T.; Mäntysaari, H. Physical Review D, Vol. 91, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.91.114005	journal	June 2015
J / ψ production and suppression in high-energy proton-nucleus collisions Ma, Yan-Qing; Venugopalan, Raju; Zhang, Hong-Fei Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.071901	journal	October 2015
Forward heavy quarkonium productions at the LHC Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Xiao, Bo-Wen Physical Review D, Vol. 92, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.111502	journal	December 2015
Probing transverse momentum dependent parton distributions in charmonium and bottomonium production Mukherjee, Asmita; Rajesh, Sangem Physical Review D, Vol. 93, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.93.054018	journal	March 2016
Quarkonium production in an improved color evaporation model Ma, Yan-Qing; Vogt, Ramona Physical Review D, Vol. 94, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.114029	journal	December 2016
Linearly polarized gluons in charmonium and bottomonium production in the color octet model Mukherjee, Asmita; Rajesh, Sangem Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.034039	journal	February 2017
Polarized heavy quarkonium production in the color evaporation model Cheung, Vincent; Vogt, Ramona Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.074021	journal	April 2017
Polarization of prompt J / ψ and ϒ ( 1 S ) production in the color evaporation model Cheung, Vincent; Vogt, Ramona Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.054014	journal	September 2017
Color dipole predictions for the exclusive vector meson photoproduction in p p , p Pb , and PbPb collisions at run 2 LHC energies Gonçalves, V. P.; Machado, M. V. T.; Moreira, B. D. Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.094027	journal	November 2017
Investigating the transverse single spin asymmetry in the inelastic J / Ψ photoproduction in p ↑ p and p ↑ A collisions Gonçalves, V. P. Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.014001	journal	January 2018
Forward J / ψ and very backward jet inclusive production at the LHC Boussarie, R.; Ducloué, B.; Szymanowski, L. Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.014008	journal	January 2018
Linearly polarized gluons and axial charge fluctuations in the glasma Lappi, Tuomas; Schlichting, Sören Physical Review D, Vol. 97, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.97.034034	journal	February 2018
Sivers effect in inelastic J / ψ photoproduction in e p ↑ collision in color octet model Rajesh, Sangem; Kishore, Raj; Mukherjee, Asmita Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.014007	journal	July 2018
Accessing the gluon Sivers function at a future electron-ion collider Zheng, L.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Lee, J. H. Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.034011	journal	August 2018
Probing the Weizsäcker-Williams gluon Wigner distribution in p p collisions Boussarie, Renaud; Hatta, Yoshitaka; Xiao, Bo-Wen Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.074015	journal	October 2018
Event engineering studies for heavy flavor production and hadronization in high multiplicity hadron-hadron and hadron-nucleus collisions Ma, Yan-Qing; Tribedy, Prithwish; Venugopalan, Raju Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.074025	journal	October 2018
Production and polarization of prompt J / ψ in the improved color evaporation model using the k T -factorization approach Cheung, Vincent; Vogt, Ramona Physical Review D, Vol. 98, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.114029	journal	December 2018
Production and polarization of prompt ϒ ( n S ) in the improved color evaporation model using the k T -factorization approach Cheung, Vincent; Vogt, Ramona Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.034007	journal	February 2019
Accessing linearly polarized gluon distribution in J / ψ production at the electron-ion collider Kishore, Raj; Mukherjee, Asmita Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.054012	journal	March 2019
Small- x helicity evolution: An operator treatment Kovchegov, Yuri V.; Sievert, Matthew D. Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.054032	journal	March 2019
Next-to-Leading-Order QCD Corrections to J / ψ Polarization at Tevatron and Large-Hadron-Collider Energies Gong, Bin; Wang, Jian-Xiong Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.232001	journal	June 2008
Gluon Saturation Effects on J / ψ Production in Heavy Ion Collisions Kharzeev, Dmitri; Levin, Eugene; Nardi, Marzia Physical Review Letters, Vol. 102, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.152301	journal	April 2009
Complete Next-to-Leading-Order Corrections to J / ψ Photoproduction in Nonrelativistic Quantum Chromodynamics Butenschön, Mathias; Kniehl, Bernd A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.072001	journal	February 2010
Reconciling J / ψ Production at HERA, RHIC, Tevatron, and LHC with Nonrelativistic QCD Factorization at Next-to-Leading Order Butenschön, Mathias; Kniehl, Bernd A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.022003	journal	January 2011
J / ψ ( ψ ′ ) Production at the Tevatron and LHC at O ( α s 4 v 4 ) in Nonrelativistic QCD Ma, Yan-Qing; Wang, Kai; Chao, Kuang-Ta Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.042002	journal	January 2011
Direct Probes of Linearly Polarized Gluons inside Unpolarized Hadrons Boer, Daniël; Brodsky, Stanley J.; Mulders, Piet J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.132001	journal	March 2011
Heavy Quarkonium Production and Polarization Kang, Zhong-Bo; Qiu, Jian-Wei; Sterman, George Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.102002	journal	March 2012
J / ψ Polarization at Hadron Colliders in Nonrelativistic QCD Chao, Kuang-Ta; Ma, Yan-Qing; Shao, Hua-Sheng Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.242004	journal	June 2012
Factorized Power Expansion for High- p T Heavy Quarkonium Production Ma, Yan-Qing; Qiu, Jian-Wei; Sterman, George Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.142002	journal	October 2014
Comprehensive Description of J / ψ Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at Collider Energies Ma, Yan-Qing; Venugopalan, Raju Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.192301	journal	November 2014
Distribution of Linearly Polarized Gluons and Elliptic Azimuthal Anisotropy in Deep Inelastic Scattering Dijet Production at High Energy Dumitru, Adrian; Lappi, Tuomas; Skokov, Vladimir Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.252301	journal	December 2015
Evidence of Strong Proton Shape Fluctuations from Incoherent Diffraction Mäntysaari, Heikki; Schenke, Björn Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.052301	journal	July 2016
Multigluon Correlations and Evidence of Saturation from Dijet Measurements at an Electron-Ion Collider Mäntysaari, Heikki; Mueller, Niklas; Salazar, Farid Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.112301	journal	March 2020
Probing the Gluon Sivers Function with an Unpolarized Target: GTMD Distributions and the Odderons Boussarie, Renaud; Hatta, Yoshitaka; Szymanowski, Lech Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.172501	journal	April 2020
Back-to-Back Inclusive Dijets in Deep Inelastic Scattering at Small x : Complete NLO Results and Predictions Caucal, Paul; Salazar, Farid; Schenke, Björn Physical Review Letters, Vol. 132, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.081902	journal	February 2024
Energy Dependence of the Cronin Effect from Nonlinear QCD Evolution Albacete, Javier L.; Armesto, Néstor; Kovner, Alex Physical Review Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.082001	journal	February 2004
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Single-spin asymmetries in $$p^\uparrow p \rightarrow J/\psi +X$$p↑p→J/ψ+X within a TMD approach: role of the color octet mechanism D’Alesio, Umberto; Murgia, Francesco; Pisano, Cristian The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 79, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7551-4	journal	December 2019
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