Witnessing Entanglement and Quantum Correlations in Condensed Matter: A Review

Laurell, Pontus; Scheie, Allen; Dagotto, Elbio; Tennant, D. Alan

doi:10.1002/qute.202400196

Title: Witnessing Entanglement and Quantum Correlations in Condensed Matter: A Review

Journal Article · 05 November 2024 · Advanced Quantum Technologies

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400196 · OSTI ID:2476453

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Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

The detection and certification of entanglement and quantum correlations in materials is of fundamental and far-reaching importance, and has seen significant recent progress. It impacts both the understanding of the basic science of quantum many-body phenomena as well as the identification of systems suitable for novel technologies. Frameworks suitable to condensed matter that connect measurements to entanglement and coherence have been developed in the context of quantum information theory. These take the form of entanglement witnesses and quantum correlation measures. Here, the underlying theory of these quantities, their relation to condensed matter experimental techniques, and their application to real materials are comprehensively reviewed. In addition, their usage in, e.g., protocols, the relative advantages and disadvantages of witnesses and measures, and future prospects in, e.g., correlated electrons, entanglement dynamics, and entangled spectroscopic probes, are presented. Consideration is given to the interdisciplinary nature of this emerging research and substantial ongoing progress by providing an accessible and practical treatment from fundamentals to application. Particular emphasis is placed on quantities accessible to collective measurements, including by susceptibility and spectroscopic techniques. This includes the magnetic susceptibility witness, one-tangle, concurrence and two-tangle, two-site quantum discord, and quantum coherence measures such as the quantum Fisher information.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2476453

Journal Information:: Advanced Quantum Technologies, Journal Name: Advanced Quantum Technologies Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 8; ISSN 2511-9044

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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