Characterization of pitch carbon coating properties affecting the electrochemical behavior of silicon nanoparticle lithium-ion battery anodes

Huey, Zoey; Schulze, Maxwell C.; Carroll, G. Michael; Engtrakul, Chaiwat; Jiang, Chun-Sheng; DeCaluwe, Steven C.; Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand J.; Han, Sang-Don

doi:10.1039/d4ta04478a

Title: Characterization of pitch carbon coating properties affecting the electrochemical behavior of silicon nanoparticle lithium-ion battery anodes

Journal Article · 08 October 2024 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ta04478a · OSTI ID:2476310

^[1]; Schulze, Maxwell C. ^[2];

^[2]; Engtrakul, Chaiwat ^[2]; Jiang, Chun-Sheng ^[2];

^[3];

^[2];

^[4]

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Sejong Univ., Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

Silicon is an exciting material for next-generation lithium-ion battery anodes, due to its high theoretical capacity and availability, but its widespread implementation has been limited by extensive volume changes during cycling that causes mechanical damage and limits cycle life. One approach to mitigating these deleterious effects while still maintaining silicon's benefits is the addition of a pitch carbon coating to nanometer-sized silicon particles. Here, in this study, we present characterization of pitch-coated silicon electrodes without annealing and annealed at 700 °C and 1000 °C to determine the optimum temperature treatment, as well as pitch-only and silicon-only electrodes with and without annealing to elucidate the impacts of each component on early electrochemical behavior. Using Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies, atomic force and scanning spreading resistance microscopy, and electrochemical analysis, we find 700 °C to be the optimal annealing temperature, as amorphous carbon is created, which improves conductivity prior to cycling and facilitates ion storage during cycling that increases capacity. We also present in situ Raman spectroscopy data demonstrating the heterogeneous aging that occurs across the electrode surface during cycling.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2476310

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5K00-88505; MainId:89284; UUID:3e51489c-2c15-42ee-97f7-9cbe9c68fecb; MainAdminId:74124

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Journal Name: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A Journal Issue: 44 Vol. 12; ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Characterization of pitch carbon coating properties affecting the electrochemical behavior of silicon nanoparticle lithium-ion battery anodes

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