Axion detection via superfluid 3He ferromagnetic phase and quantum measurement techniques

Chigusa, So; Kondo, Dan; Murayama, Hitoshi; Okabe, Risshin; Sudo, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1007/jhep09(2024)191

Title: Axion detection via superfluid ³He ferromagnetic phase and quantum measurement techniques

Journal Article · 25 September 2024 · Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep09(2024)191 · OSTI ID:2476192

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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Tokyo (Japan). Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of Tokyo (Japan). Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI)
Univ. of Tokyo (Japan). Institute for Solid State Physics

We propose to use the nuclear spin excitation in the ferromagnetic A₁ phase of the superfluid ³He for the axion dark matter detection. This approach is striking in that it is sensitive to the axion-nucleon coupling, one of the most important features of the QCD axion introduced to solve the strong CP problem. We review a quantum mechanical description of the nuclear spin excitation and apply it to the estimation of the axion-induced spin excitation rate. We also describe a possible detection method of the spin excitation in detail and show that the combination of the squeezing of the final state with the Josephson parametric amplifier and the homodyne measurement can enhance the sensitivity. It turns out that this approach gives good sensitivity to the axion dark matter with the mass of $$\mathcal{O}$$(1) μeV depending on the size of the external magnetic field. We estimate the parameters of experimental setups, e.g., the detector volume and the amplitude of squeezing, required to reach the QCD axion parameter space.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2476192

Journal Information:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online), Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online) Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 2024; ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Axion detection via superfluid ³He ferromagnetic phase and quantum measurement techniques