Interpreting Mass and Radius Measurements of Neutron Stars with Dark Matter Halos

Shawqi, Shafayat; Morsink, Sharon M.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad77c1

Title: Interpreting Mass and Radius Measurements of Neutron Stars with Dark Matter Halos

Journal Article · 28 October 2024 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad77c1 · OSTI ID:2475448

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Abstract The high densities of neutron stars (NSs) could provide astrophysical locations for dark matter (DM) to accumulate. Depending on the DM model, these DM admixed NSs (DANSs) could have significantly different properties than pure baryonic NSs, accessible through X-ray observations of rotation-powered pulsars. We adopt the two-fluid formalism in general relativity to numerically simulate stable configurations of DANSs, assuming a fermionic equation of state (EOS) for the DM with repulsive self-interaction. The distribution of DM in the DANS as a halo affects the path of X-rays emitted from hot spots on the visible baryonic surface, causing notable changes in the pulse profile observed by telescopes such as NICER, compared to pure baryonic NSs. We explore how various DM models affect the DM mass distribution, leading to different types of dark halos. We quantify the deviation in observed X-ray flux from stars with each of these halos. We identify the pitfalls in interpreting mass and radius measurements of NSs inferred from electromagnetic radiation and constraining the baryonic matter EOS if these dark halos exist.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-00ER41132

OSTI ID:: 2475448

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 975; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: American Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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