Expanded Archaeal Genomes Shed New Light on the Evolution of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

Zhu, Pengfei; Hou, Jialin; Xiong, Yixuan; Xie, Ruize; Wang, Yinzhao; Wang, Fengping

doi:10.3390/microorganisms12040707

Title: Expanded Archaeal Genomes Shed New Light on the Evolution of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

Journal Article · 29 March 2024 · Microorganisms

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040707 · OSTI ID:2471112

Zhu, Pengfei ^[1];

^[1]; Xiong, Yixuan ^[1]; Xie, Ruize ^[1];

^[1]; Wang, Fengping ^[2]

Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China)
Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China); Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai (China)

Isoprenoids and their derivatives, essential for all cellular life on Earth, are particularly crucial in archaeal membrane lipids, suggesting that their biosynthesis pathways have ancient origins and play pivotal roles in the evolution of early life. Despite all eukaryotes, archaea, and a few bacterial lineages being known to exclusively use the mevalonate (MVA) pathway to synthesize isoprenoids, the origin and evolutionary trajectory of the MVA pathway remain controversial. Here, we conducted a thorough comparison and phylogenetic analysis of key enzymes across the four types of MVA pathway, with the particular inclusion of metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) from uncultivated archaea. Our findings support an archaeal origin of the MVA pathway, likely postdating the divergence of Bacteria and Archaea from the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA), thus implying the LUCA’s enzymatic inability for isoprenoid biosynthesis. Notably, the Asgard archaea are implicated in playing central roles in the evolution of the MVA pathway, serving not only as putative ancestors of the eukaryote- and Thermoplasma-type routes, but also as crucial mediators in the gene transfer to eukaryotes, possibly during eukaryogenesis. Overall, this study advances our understanding of the origin and evolutionary history of the MVA pathway, providing unique insights into the lipid divide and the evolution of early life.

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Research Organization:: USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2030 Project; USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2471112

Journal Information:: Microorganisms, Journal Name: Microorganisms Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 12; ISSN 2076-2607

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Asgard archaea
LUCA
eukaryogenesis
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mevalonate pathway
microbiology

Title: Expanded Archaeal Genomes Shed New Light on the Evolution of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis

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