Sulfur assimilation using gaseous carbonyl sulfide by the soil fungus Trichoderma harzianum

Iizuka, Ryuka; Hattori, Shohei; Kosaka, Yusuke; Masaki, Yoshihito; Kawano, Yusuke; Ohtsu, Iwao; Hibbett, David; Katayama, Yoko; Yoshida, Makoto

doi:10.1128/aem.02015-23

Title: Sulfur assimilation using gaseous carbonyl sulfide by the soil fungus Trichoderma harzianum

Journal Article · 31 January 2024 · Applied and Environmental Microbiology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02015-23 · OSTI ID:2471086

^[1]; Hattori, Shohei ^[2]; Kosaka, Yusuke ^[1]; Masaki, Yoshihito ^[1]; Kawano, Yusuke ^[3]; Ohtsu, Iwao ^[3];

^[4];

^[5];

^[1]

Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (Japan)
Nanjing Univ. (China)
Univ. of Tsukuba (Japan); Euglena Co., Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)
Clark Univ., Worcester, MA (United States)
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (Japan); Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo (Japan)

Fungi have the capacity to assimilate a diverse range of both inorganic and organic sulfur compounds. It has been recognized that all sulfur sources taken up by fungi are in soluble forms. In this study, we present evidence that fungi can utilize gaseous carbonyl sulfide (COS) for the assimilation of a sulfur compound. We found that the filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain THIF08, which has constitutively high COS-degrading activity, was able to grow with COS as the sole sulfur source. Cultivation with ³⁴S-labeled COS revealed that sulfur atom from COS was incorporated into intracellular metabolites such as glutathione and ergothioneine. COS degradation by strain THIF08, in which as much of the moisture derived from the agar medium as possible was removed, indicated that gaseous COS was taken up directly into the cell. Escherichia coli transformed with a COS hydrolase (COSase) gene, which is clade D of the β-class carbonic anhydrase subfamily enzyme with high specificity for COS but low activity for CO₂ hydration, showed that the COSase is involved in COS assimilation. Comparison of sulfur metabolites of strain THIF08 revealed a higher relative abundance of reduced sulfur compounds under the COS-supplemented condition than the sulfate-supplemented condition, suggesting that sulfur assimilation is more energetically efficient with COS than with sulfate because there is no redox change of sulfur. Phylogenetic analysis of the genes encoding COSase, which are distributed in a wide range of fungal taxa, suggests that the common ancestor of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota acquired COSase at about 790–670 Ma.

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Research Organization:: USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2471086

Journal Information:: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Name: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 90; ISSN 0099-2240

Publisher:: American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Sulfur assimilation using gaseous carbonyl sulfide by the soil fungus Trichoderma harzianum

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