Structure-Related Electronic and Magnetic Properties in Ultrathin Epitaxial NixFe3–xO4 Films on MgO(001)

Rodewald, Jari; Thien, Jannis; Ruwisch, Kevin; Pohlmann, Tobias; Hoppe, Martin; Schmalhorst, Jan; Küpper, Karsten; Wollschläger, Joachim

doi:10.3390/nano14080694

Title: Structure-Related Electronic and Magnetic Properties in Ultrathin Epitaxial Ni_xFe_3–xO₄ Films on MgO(001)

Journal Article · 16 April 2024 · Nanomaterials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14080694 · OSTI ID:2471003

^[1];

^[2]; Hoppe, Martin ^[2];

^[3];

^[1];

^[1]

Univ. of Osnabruck (Germany)
Univ. of Osnabruck (Germany); Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany)
University of Bielefeld (Germany)

Off-stoichiometric Ni_xFe_3–xO₄ ultrathin films (x < 2.1) with varying Ni content x and thickness 16 (±2) nm were grown on MgO(001) by reactive molecular beam epitaxy. Synchrotron-based high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements reveal vertical compressive strain for all films, resulting from a lateral pseudomorphic adaption of the film to the substrate lattice without any strain relaxation. Complete crystallinity with smooth interfaces and surfaces is obtained independent of the Ni content x. For x < 1 an expected successive conversion from Fe₃O₄ to NiFe₂O₄ is observed, whereas local transformation into NiO structures is observed for films with Ni content x > 1. However, angle-resolved hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate homogeneous cationic distributions without strictly separated phases independent of the Ni content, while X-ray absorption spectroscopy shows that also for x > 1, not all Fe²⁺ cations are substituted by Ni²⁺ cations. The ferrimagnetic behavior, as observed by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, is characterized by decreasing saturation magnetization due to the formation of antiferromagnetic NiO parts.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2471003

Journal Information:: Nanomaterials, Journal Name: Nanomaterials Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 14; ISSN 2079-4991

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (45)

NiFe2O4: A Versatile Spinel Material Brings New Opportunities for Spintronics Lüders, U.; Barthélémy, A.; Bibes, M. Advanced Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200500972	journal	July 2006
Calculations of electron inelastic mean free paths. V. Data for 14 organic compounds over the 50-2000 eV range Tanuma, S.; Powell, C. J.; Penn, D. R. Surface and Interface Analysis, Vol. 21, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.740210302	journal	March 1994
X-Ray Interactions: Photoabsorption, Scattering, Transmission, and Reflection at E = 50-30,000 eV, Z = 1-92 Henke, B. L.; Gullikson, E. M.; Davis, J. C. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, Vol. 54, Issue 2, p. 181-342 https://doi.org/10.1006/adnd.1993.1013	journal	July 1993
PHOTOELECTRON ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS FOR ELEMENTS Z=1 TO Z=54 IN THE PHOTOELECTRON ENERGY RANGE 100–5000 eV Trzhaskovskaya, M. B.; Nefedov, V. I.; Yarzhemsky, V. G. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, Vol. 77, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1006/adnd.2000.0849	journal	January 2001
Hartree-Slater subshell photoionization cross-sections at 1254 and 1487 eV Scofield, J. H. Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0368-2048(76)80015-1	journal	January 1976
Optical spectra, x-ray photoelectron spectra and XANES of divalent nickel in mixed spinels NiFe2−xCrxO4 Lenglet, M.; D'Huysser, A.; Jørgensen, C. K. Inorganica Chimica Acta, Vol. 133, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1693(00)84373-X	journal	October 1987
The formation and characterisation of Ni3+ — an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of potassium-doped Ni(110)–O Carley, A. F.; Jackson, S. D.; O'Shea, J. N. Surface Science, Vol. 440, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6028(99)00872-9	journal	October 1999
Fe L2,3 linear and circular magnetic dichroism of Fe3O4 Kuiper, P.; Searle, B. G.; Duda, L. -C Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 86, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0368-2048(97)00053-4	journal	August 1997
Non-dipole second order parameters of the photoelectron angular distribution for elements Z=1–100 in the photoelectron energy range 1–10keV Trzhaskovskaya, M. B.; Nikulin, V. K.; Nefedov, V. I. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, Vol. 92, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adt.2005.12.002	journal	March 2006
Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of first row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides: Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni Biesinger, Mark C.; Payne, Brad P.; Grosvenor, Andrew P. Applied Surface Science, Vol. 257, Issue 7, p. 2717-2730 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.10.051	journal	January 2011
Cation distribution, saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy of mixed ferrite NiAl x Fe 2−x O 4 nanoparticles de Biasi, Ronaldo Sergio; dos Santos, HerissonFerreira Ceramics International, Vol. 43, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.12.111	journal	April 2017
Development of new materials for spintronics Cibert, Joël; Bobo, Jean-François; Lüders, Ulrike Comptes Rendus Physique, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2005.10.008	journal	November 2005
The iron L edges: Fe 2p X-ray absorption and electron energy loss spectroscopy Miedema, Piter S.; de Groot, Frank M. F. Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, Vol. 187 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2013.03.005	journal	April 2013
Iron oxide surfaces Parkinson, Gareth S. Surface Science Reports, Vol. 71, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2016.02.001	journal	March 2016
Spin caloritronics Bauer, Gerrit E. W.; Saitoh, Eiji; van Wees, Bart J. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3301	journal	April 2012
Caractérisation des surfaces par réflexion rasante de rayons X. Application à l'étude du polissage de quelques verres silicates Névot, L.; Croce, P. Revue de Physique Appliquée, Vol. 15, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1051/rphysap:01980001503076100	journal	January 1980
Room temperature spin filtering in epitaxial cobalt-ferrite tunnel barriers Ramos, A. V.; Guittet, M. -J.; Moussy, J. -B. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2787880	journal	September 2007
Magnetic moment investigations of epitaxial magnetite thin films Kallmayer, M.; Hild, K.; Elmers, H. J. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 103, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2838982	journal	April 2008
Impact of interfacial roughness on spin filter tunneling Miller, Casey W.; Belyea, Dustin D. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 96, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3291065	journal	January 2010
Epitaxial strain-induced changes in the cation distribution and resistivity of Fe-doped CoFe2O4 Moyer, J. A.; Kumah, D. P.; Vaz, C. A. F. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4735233	journal	July 2012
Nanomagnetism of cobalt ferrite-based spin filters probed by spin-polarized tunneling Matzen, Sylvia; Moussy, Jean-Baptiste; Mattana, Richard Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4738790	journal	July 2012
Reordering between tetrahedral and octahedral sites in ultrathin magnetite films grown on MgO(001) Bertram, F.; Deiter, C.; Schemme, T. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 113, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4803894	journal	May 2013
Structure, magnetic ordering, and spin filtering efficiency of NiFe ₂ O ₄ (111) ultrathin films Matzen, S.; Moussy, J. -B.; Wei, P. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4871733	journal	May 2014
Strain measurement of epitaxial CaF2 on Si (111) by MeV ion channeling Hashimoto, Shin; Peng, J. -L.; Gibson, W. M. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 47, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.96383	journal	November 1985
Real-time monitoring the growth of strained off-stoichiometric NixFe3−xO4 ultrathin films on MgO(001) Rodewald, J.; Thien, J.; Pohlmann, T. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0013925	journal	July 2020
From epitaxial growth of ferrite thin films to spin-polarized tunnelling Moussy, Jean-Baptiste Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/46/14/143001	journal	March 2013
Surface Studies of Solids by Total Reflection of X-Rays Parratt, L. G. Physical Review, Vol. 95, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.95.359	journal	July 1954
Opportunities at the Frontiers of Spintronics Hoffmann, Axel; Bader, Sam D. Physical Review Applied, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.4.047001	journal	October 2015
Formation of ultrathin cobalt ferrite films by interdiffusion of Fe 3 O 4 / CoO bilayers Rodewald, J.; Thien, J.; Pohlmann, T. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.155418	journal	October 2019
X-ray-absorption spectroscopy at the Fe L 2 , 3 threshold in iron oxides Crocombette, J. P.; Pollak, M.; Jollet, F. Physical Review B, Vol. 52, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3143	journal	August 1995
Nonlocal screening effects in 2 p x-ray photoemission spectroscopy of NiO (100) Alders, D.; Voogt, F. C.; Hibma, T. Physical Review B, Vol. 54, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.54.7716	journal	September 1996
Orbital polarization in NiFe 2 O 4 measured by Ni − 2 p x-ray magnetic circular dichroism van der Laan, G.; Henderson, C. M. B.; Pattrick, R. A. D. Physical Review B, Vol. 59, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.4314	journal	February 1999
Fe 2p absorption in magnetic oxides: Quantifying angular-dependent saturation effects Gota, Susana; Gautier-Soyer, Martine; Sacchi, Maurizio Physical Review B, Vol. 62, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.62.4187	journal	August 2000
Chemical effects at metal/oxide interfaces studied by x-ray-absorption spectroscopy Regan, T. J.; Ohldag, H.; Stamm, C. Physical Review B, Vol. 64, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.64.214422	journal	November 2001
Magnetic circular dichroism in Fe 2 p resonant photoemission of magnetite Chen, J.; Huang, D. J.; Tanaka, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 69, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.69.085107	journal	February 2004
Anisotropic x-ray magnetic linear dichroism at the Fe L 2 , 3 edges in Fe 3 O 4 Arenholz, Elke; van der Laan, Gerrit; Chopdekar, Rajesh V. Physical Review B, Vol. 74, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.74.094407	journal	September 2006
Controlling the electronic structure of Co 1 − x Fe 2 + x O 4 thin films through iron doping Moyer, J. A.; Vaz, C. A. F.; Negusse, E. Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.035121	journal	January 2011
Electronic and magnetic structure of epitaxial Fe 3 O 4 ( 001 ) / NiO heterostructures grown on MgO(001) and Nb-doped SrTiO 3 ( 001 ) Kuepper, K.; Kuschel, O.; Pathé, N. Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.024401	journal	July 2016
From Fe 3 O 4 /NiO bilayers to NiFe 2 O 4 -like thin films through Ni interdiffusion Kuschel, O.; Buß, R.; Spiess, W. Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.094423	journal	September 2016
Nonlocal screening effects in 2 p x-ray photoemission spectroscopy core-level line shapes of transition metal compounds van Veenendaal, M. A.; Sawatzky, G. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 70, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.2459	journal	April 1993
Origin of the Anomalous Magnetic Behavior in Single Crystal Fe 3 O 4 Films Margulies, D. T.; Parker, F. T.; Rudee, M. L. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 79, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.5162	journal	December 1997
Cation distribution and magnetic properties in ultrathin(Ni1–xCox)Fe2O4(x=0–1)layers on Si(111) studied by soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism Wakabayashi, Yuki K.; Nonaka, Yosuke; Takeda, Yukiharu Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.104416	journal	October 2018
Subsurface cation vacancy stabilization of the magnetite (001) surface Bliem, R.; McDermott, E.; Ferstl, P. Science, Vol. 346, Issue 6214 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1260556	journal	December 2014
Atomically Resolved Observations of Antiphase Domain Boundaries in Epitaxial Fe₃O₄ Films on MgO(001) by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Ikeuchi, Akira; Hiura, Satoshi; Mizuno, Taichi Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 8S3 https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.51.08KB02	journal	August 2012
The Theory of Atomic Structure and Spectra Cowan, Robert D. Los Alamos Series in Basic and Applied Sciences, Vol. 3 https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520906150	book	December 1981

Similar Records

Synthesis and characterization of Zn{sub 1-x}Ni{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} spinels prepared by a citrate precursor

Journal Article · 2005 · Journal of Solid State Chemistry · OSTI ID:20725876

Mouallem-Bahout, Mona; Bertrand, Sarah; Pena, Octavio

Magnetic properties of mixed spinel BaTiO{sub 3}-NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} composites

Journal Article · 2014 · Journal of Applied Physics · OSTI ID:22271136

Sarkar, Babusona; Dalal, Biswajit; Dev Ashok, Vishal; +2 more

Effect of Zn doping on structural and dielectric properties of tetragonal Ni{sub 1-x}Zn{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5)

Journal Article · 2015 · AIP Conference Proceedings · OSTI ID:22490503

Lone, S. A.; Dar, M. A.; Kumar, A.; +2 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
SQUID
X-ray absorption spectroscopy
X-ray circular dichroism
X-ray diffraction
disordered phase
hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
nickel ferrite
strain-property relation
synchrotron radiation
ultrathin films

Title: Structure-Related Electronic and Magnetic Properties in Ultrathin Epitaxial NixFe3–xO4 Films on MgO(001)

Citation Formats

References (45)

Similar Records

Related Subjects

Title: Structure-Related Electronic and Magnetic Properties in Ultrathin Epitaxial Ni_xFe_3–xO₄ Films on MgO(001)