A Smart System for the Contactless Measurement of Energy Expenditure

Sprowls, Mark; Victor, Shaun; Mora, Sabrina Jimena; Osorio, Oscar; Pyznar, Gabriel; Destaillats, Hugo; Wheatley-Guy, Courtney; Johnson, Bruce; Kulick, Doina; Forzani, Erica

doi:10.3390/s22041355

Title: A Smart System for the Contactless Measurement of Energy Expenditure

Journal Article · 10 February 2022 · Sensors

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041355 · OSTI ID:2470856

Sprowls, Mark ^[1];

^[1]; Mora, Sabrina Jimena ^[1]; Osorio, Oscar ^[1]; Pyznar, Gabriel ^[1]; Destaillats, Hugo ^[2]; Wheatley-Guy, Courtney ^[3]; Johnson, Bruce ^[3]; Kulick, Doina ^[3]; Forzani, Erica ^[1]

Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ (United States)

Energy Expenditure (EE) (kcal/day), a key element to guide obesity treatment, is measured from CO₂ production, VCO₂ (mL/min), and/or O₂ consumption, VO₂ (mL/min). Current technologies are limited due to the requirement of wearable facial accessories. A novel system, the Smart Pad, which measures EE via VCO₂ from a room’s ambient CO₂ concentration transients was evaluated. Resting EE (REE) and exercise VCO₂ measurements were recorded using Smart Pad and a reference instrument to study measurement duration’s influence on accuracy. The Smart Pad displayed 90% accuracy (±1 SD) for 14–19 min of REE measurement and for 4.8–7.0 min of exercise, using known room’s air exchange rate. Additionally, the Smart Pad was validated measuring subjects with a wide range of body mass indexes (BMI = 18.8 to 31.4 kg/m2), successfully validating the system accuracy across REE’s measures of ~1200 to ~3000 kcal/day. Furthermore, high correlation between subjects’ VCO₂ and λ for CO₂ accumulation was observed (p < 0.00001, R = 0.785) in a 14.0 m3 sized room. This finding led to development of a new model for REE measurement from ambient CO₂ without λ calibration using a reference instrument. The model correlated in nearly 100% agreement with reference instrument measures (y = 1.06x, R = 0.937) using an independent dataset (N = 56).

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2470856

Journal Information:: Sensors, Journal Name: Sensors Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 22; ISSN 1424-8220

Publisher:: MDPI AGCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: A Smart System for the Contactless Measurement of Energy Expenditure

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