Identification and characterization of small molecule inhibitors of the LINE-1 retrotransposon endonuclease

D’Ordine, Alexandra M.; Jogl, Gerwald; Sedivy, John M.

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-48066-x

Title: Identification and characterization of small molecule inhibitors of the LINE-1 retrotransposon endonuclease

Journal Article · 07 May 2024 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48066-x · OSTI ID:2469583

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Brown University, Providence, RI (United States)

The long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) retrotransposon is the only active autonomously replicating retrotransposon in the human genome. L1 harms the cell by inserting new copies, generating DNA damage, and triggering inflammation. Therefore, L1 inhibition could be used to treat many diseases associated with these processes. Previous research has focused on inhibition of the L1 reverse transcriptase due to the prevalence of well-characterized inhibitors of related viral enzymes. Here we present the L1 endonuclease as another target for reducing L1 activity. We characterize structurally diverse small molecule endonuclease inhibitors using computational, biochemical, and biophysical methods. We also show that these inhibitors reduce L1 retrotransposition, L1-induced DNA damage, and inflammation reinforced by L1 in senescent cells. These inhibitors could be used for further pharmacological development and as tools to better understand the life cycle of this element and its impact on disease processes.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 2469583

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 15; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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