Gradient Technique Theory: Tracing Magnetic Field and Obtaining Magnetic Field Strength

Lazarian, Alex; Yuen, Ka Ho; Pogosyan, Dmitri

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad6d62

Title: Gradient Technique Theory: Tracing Magnetic Field and Obtaining Magnetic Field Strength

Journal Article · 14 October 2024 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6d62 · OSTI ID:2468731

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Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago (Chile)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada); Korea Institute for Advanced Studies, Seoul (Korea)

The gradient technique is a promising tool with theoretical foundations based on the fundamental properties of MHD turbulence and turbulent reconnection. Its various incarnations use spectroscopic, synchrotron, and intensity data to trace the magnetic field and measure the media magnetization in terms of Alfvén Mach number. We provide an analytical theory of gradient measurements and quantify the effects of averaging gradients along the line of sight and over the plane of the sky. We derive analytical expressions that relate the properties of gradient distribution with the Alfvén Mach number M_A. We show that these measurements can be combined with measures of sonic Mach number or line broadening to obtain the magnetic field strength. The corresponding technique has advantages to the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi way of obtaining the magnetic field strength.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2468731

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--24-25479

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 974; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Study of Magnetic Field and Turbulence in the TeV Halo around the Monogem Pulsar Malik, Sunil; Yuen, Ka Ho; Yan, Huirong The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 965, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad34d7	journal	April 2024
Diagnostics of Magnetohydrodynamic Modes in the Interstellar Medium through Synchrotron Polarization Statistics Pavaskar, Parth; Yuen, Ka Ho; Yan, Huirong The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 971, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5af5	journal	August 2024
The Athena++ Adaptive Mesh Refinement Framework: Design and Magnetohydrodynamic Solvers Stone, James M.; Tomida, Kengo; White, Christopher J. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 249, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab929b	journal	June 2020
Tracing Interstellar Magnetic Field Using Velocity Gradient Technique: Application to Atomic Hydrogen Data Yuen, Ka Ho; Lazarian, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 837, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa6255	journal	March 2017

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