Bipolar Membrane Capacitive Deionization for the Selective Capture of Lithium Ions from Brines and Conversion to Lithium Hydroxide

Kulkarni, Tanmay; Al Dhamen, Aliya Muhammad I.; Zhang, Xiaoliu; Chiu, Chan-Wen; Zhang, Hanrui; Shi, Feifei; Kumar, Revati; Arges, Christopher G.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ad7a25

Title: Bipolar Membrane Capacitive Deionization for the Selective Capture of Lithium Ions from Brines and Conversion to Lithium Hydroxide

Journal Article · 08 October 2024 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ad7a25 · OSTI ID:2459382

; Al Dhamen, Aliya Muhammad I.;

;

; Kumar, Revati;

Meeting the increasing demand for lithium in vehicle electrification and renewable energy storage requires innovations in lithium-ion (Li ⁺ ) separations. Traditional solar evaporation methods for lithium recovery are slow and consume tremendous volumes of water and secondary chemicals (acids and bases). This study introduces a bipolar membrane capacitive deionization (BPM-CDI) unit for direct lithium extraction and LiOH production without the external addition of acids and bases. Utilizing de-lithiated lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) coated carbon cloth electrodes, the BPM-CDI unit demonstrates selective Li ⁺ capture over competing ions. Molecular dynamics simulations and H-cell experiments elucidate pH inversion mechanisms during Li ⁺ release, yielding LiOH. The BPM-CDI platform efficiently removes Li ⁺ from synthetic brines featuring 8x higher Mg ²⁺ concentrations (200 ppm Mg ²⁺ ) and 26x higher Na ⁺ concentrations (682 ppm Na ⁺ ), achieving a LiOH concentration of 124 ppm (36 ppm Li ⁺ ) after 8 cycles of recirculation. Post-mortem analysis confirms electrode integrity and stability. BPM-CDI integrated with selective electrodes is a promising electrochemical separation-reactor platform for lithium recovery while producing LiOH.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: NONE; SC0022304

OSTI ID:: 2459382

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 171; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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