Element Formation in Radiation-hydrodynamics Simulations of Kilonovae

Magistrelli, Fabio; Bernuzzi, Sebastiano; Perego, Albino; Radice, David

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad74e0

Title: Element Formation in Radiation-hydrodynamics Simulations of Kilonovae

Journal Article · 01 October 2024 · The Astrophysical Journal. Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad74e0 · OSTI ID:2453926

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Abstract Understanding the details of r -process nucleosynthesis in binary neutron star merger (BNSM) ejecta is key to interpreting kilonova observations and identifying the role of BNSMs in the origin of heavy elements. We present a self-consistent, two-dimensional, ray-by-ray radiation-hydrodynamic evolution of BNSM ejecta with an online nuclear network (NN) up to a timescale of days. For the first time, an initial numerical relativity ejecta profile composed of the dynamical component and spiral-wave and disk winds is evolved including detailed r -process reactions and nuclear heating effects. A simple model for the jet energy deposition is also included. Our simulation highlights that the common approach of relating in postprocessing the final nucleosynthesis yields to the initial thermodynamic profile of the ejecta can lead to inaccurate predictions. Moreover, we find that neglecting the details of the radiation-hydrodynamic evolution of the ejecta in nuclear calculations can introduce deviations of up to 1 order of magnitude in the final abundances of several elements, including very light and second r -process peak elements. The presence of a jet affects element production only in the innermost part of the polar ejecta, and it does not alter the global nucleosynthesis results. Overall, our analysis shows that employing an online NN improves the reliability of nucleosynthesis and kilonova light-curve predictions.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: NONE; SC0024388

OSTI ID:: 2453926

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal. Letters Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 974; ISSN 2041-8205

Publisher:: American Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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