New physics at a neutron beam dump

Dev, P. S. Bhupal; Dutta, Bhaskar; Han, Tao; Karthikeyan, Aparajitha; Kim, Doojin; Kim, Hyunyong

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.110.L051703

Title: New physics at a neutron beam dump

Journal Article · 23 September 2024 · Physical Review. D.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.L051703 · OSTI ID:2447643

;

; Kim, Doojin;

We find a new utility of neutrons, usually treated as an experimental nuisance causing unwanted background, in probing new physics signals. The new physics signals can either be radiated from neutrons (neutron bremsstrahlung) or appear through secondary particles from neutron-on-target interactions, dubbed “neutron beam dump.” As a concrete example, we take the FASER/FASER2 experiment as a “factory” of high-energy neutrons that interact with the iron dump. We find that if new physics particles had the same interaction strength to protons and neutrons, their production rate via neutron-initiated bremsstrahlung would be comparable to that via proton-initiated ones, in terms of the resulting flux and the range of couplings that can be probed. The neutron bremsstrahlung can be used, for instance, to probe dark gauge bosons with nonzero neutron coupling. In particular, we investigate protophobic gauge bosons and find that FASER/FASER2 can probe new parameter space. We also illustrate the possibility of neutron-induced secondary particles by considering axionlike particles with electron couplings. We conclude that the physics potential of FASER/FASER2 in terms of new physics searches can be greatly extended and improved with the inclusion of neutron interactions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0017987; SC0010813; SC0007914

OSTI ID:: 2447643

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 110; ISSN PRVDAQ; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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