Revealing the three-dimensional structure of microbunched plasma-wakefield-accelerated electron beams

LaBerge, Maxwell; Bowers, Brant; Chang, Yen-Yu; Couperus Cabadağ, Jurjen; Debus, Alexander; Hannasch, Andrea; Pausch, Richard; Schöbel, Susanne; Tiebel, Jessica; Ufer, Patrick; Willmann, Anna; Zarini, Omid; Zgadzaj, Rafal; Lumpkin, Alex H.; Schramm, Ulrich; Irman, Arie; Downer, M. C.

doi:10.1038/s41566-024-01475-2

Title: Revealing the three-dimensional structure of microbunched plasma-wakefield-accelerated electron beams

Journal Article · 15 July 2024 · Nature Photonics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-024-01475-2 · OSTI ID:2439631

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; Hannasch, Andrea;

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; Willmann, Anna; Zarini, Omid; Zgadzaj, Rafal; Lumpkin, Alex H.;

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Abstract Plasma wakefield accelerators use tabletop equipment to produce relativistic femtosecond electron bunches. Optical and X-ray diagnostics have established that their charge concentrates within a micrometre-sized volume, but its sub-micrometre internal distribution, which critically influences gain in free-electron lasers or particle yield in colliders, has proven elusive to characterize. Here, by simultaneously imaging different wavelengths of coherent optical transition radiation that a laser-wakefield-accelerated electron bunch generates when exiting a metal foil, we reveal the structure of the coherently radiating component of bunch charge. The key features of the images are shown to uniquely correlate with how plasma electrons injected into the wake: by a plasma-density discontinuity, by ionizing high- Z gas-target dopants or by uncontrolled laser–plasma dynamics. With additional input from the electron spectra, spatially averaged coherent optical transition radiation spectra and particle-in-cell simulations, we reconstruct coherent three-dimensional charge structures. The results demonstrate an essential metrology for next-generation compact X-ray free-electron lasers driven by plasma-based accelerators.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0011617; SC0014043; AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 2439631

Journal Information:: Nature Photonics, Journal Name: Nature Photonics Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 18; ISSN 1749-4885

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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