Multispecies Ion Acceleration in 3D Magnetic Reconnection with Hybrid-Kinetic Simulations

Zhang, Qile; Guo, Fan; Daughton, William Scott; Li, Hui; Le, Ari Yitzchak; Phan, Tai; Desai, Mihir

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.132.115201

Title: Multispecies Ion Acceleration in 3D Magnetic Reconnection with Hybrid-Kinetic Simulations

Journal Article · 14 March 2024 · Physical Review Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.132.115201 · OSTI ID:2439162

^[1];

^[2]; Desai, Mihir ^[3]

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX (United States); Univ. of Texas, San Antonio, TX (United States)

Magnetic reconnection drives multispecies particle acceleration broadly in space and astrophysics. Here we perform the first 3D hybrid simulations (fluid electrons, kinetic ions) that contain sufficient scale separation to produce nonthermal heavy-ion acceleration, with fragmented flux ropes critical for accelerating all species. We demonstrate the acceleration of all ion species (up to Fe) into power-law spectra with similar indices, by a common Fermi acceleration mechanism. The upstream ion velocities influence the first Fermi reflection for injection. The subsequent onsets of Fermi acceleration are delayed for ions with lower charge-mass ratios (Q/M), until growing flux ropes magnetize them. This leads to a species-dependent maximum energy/nucleon ∝(Q/M)^α. These findings are consistent with in situ observations in reconnection regions, suggesting Fermi acceleration as the dominant multispecies ion acceleration mechanism.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 2439162

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--24-21780

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 132; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Multispecies Ion Acceleration in 3D Magnetic Reconnection with Hybrid-Kinetic Simulations

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