Primeval very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs – VIII. The first age benchmark L subdwarf, a wide companion to a halo white dwarf

Zhang, Z. H.; Raddi, R.; Burgasser, A. J.; Casewell, S. L.; Smart, R. L.; Gálvez-Ortiz, M. C.; Jones, H. R. A.; Baig, S.; Lodieu, N.; Gauza, B.; Pavlenko, Ya V.; Jiao, Y. F.; Zhao, Z. K.; Zhou, S. Y.; Pinfield, D. J.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1851

Title: Primeval very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs – VIII. The first age benchmark L subdwarf, a wide companion to a halo white dwarf

Journal Article · 05 August 2024 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1851 · OSTI ID:2437797

;

; Smart, R. L.; Gálvez-Ortiz, M. C.; Jones, H. R. A.;

; Lodieu, N.;

; Pavlenko, Ya V.; Jiao, Y. F.; Zhao, Z. K.;

; Pinfield, D. J.

ABSTRACT We report the discovery of five white dwarf + ultracool dwarf systems identified as common proper motion wide binaries in the Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars. The discoveries include a white dwarf + L subdwarf binary, VVV 1256−62AB, a gravitationally bound system located 75.6$$^{+1.9}_{-1.8}$$ pc away with a projected separation of 1375$$^{+35}_{-33}$$ au. The primary is a cool DC white dwarf with a hydrogen dominated atmosphere, and has a total age of $$10.5^{+3.3}_{-2.1}$$ Gyr, based on white dwarf model fitting. The secondary is an L subdwarf with a metallicity of [M/H] = $$-0.72^{+0.08}_{-0.10}$$ (i.e. [Fe/H] = $$-0.81\pm 0.10$$) and $$T_{\rm eff}$$ = 2298$$^{+45}_{-43}$$ K based on atmospheric model fitting of its optical to near infrared spectrum, and likely has a mass just above the stellar/substellar boundary. The subsolar metallicity of the L subdwarf and the system’s total space velocity of 406 km s−1 indicates membership in the Galactic halo, and it has a flat eccentric Galactic orbit passing within 1 kpc of the centre of the Milky Way every $$\sim$$0.4 Gyr and extending to 15–31 kpc at apogal. VVV 1256−62B is the first L subdwarf to have a well-constrained age, making it an ideal benchmark of metal-poor ultracool dwarf atmospheres and evolution.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 2437797

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 533; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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The Sonora Substellar Atmosphere Models. IV. Elf Owl: Atmospheric Mixing and Chemical Disequilibrium with Varying Metallicity and C/O Ratios Mukherjee, Sagnick; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Morley, Caroline V. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 963, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad18c2	journal	February 2024
Photometry and Proper Motions of M, L, and T Dwarfs from the Pan-STARRS1 3 π Survey Best, William M. J.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Liu, Michael C. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 234, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aa9982	journal	December 2017
The DECam Plane Survey: Optical Photometry of Two Billion Objects in the Southern Galactic Plane Schlafly, E. F.; Green, G. M.; Lang, D. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 234, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aaa3e2	journal	February 2018
The Field Substellar Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20 pc Census of 525 L, T, and Y Dwarfs Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gelino, Christopher R.; Faherty, Jacqueline K. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 253, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/abd107	journal	February 2021
The CatWISE2020 Catalog Marocco, Federico; Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.; Fowler, John W. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 253, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/abd805	journal	February 2021
The Spectral ANalog of Dwarfs (SAND): New Model Atmospheres with Varying Chemistry for Galactic Archaeology with Ultracool Dwarfs Alvarado, Efrain; Gerasimov, Roman; Burgasser, Adam J. Research Notes of the AAS, Vol. 8, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ad4bd7	journal	May 2024
The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys Chambers, K. C.; Magnier, E. A.; Metcalfe, N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1612.05560	preprint	January 2016
Kinematic origin of white dwarfs in the solar neighborhood Zubiaur, Ainhoa; Raddi, Roberto; Torres, Santiago arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.10380	text	January 2024
Evolutionary models for metal-poor low-mass stars. Lower main sequence of globular clusters and halo field stars Baraffe, Isabelle; Chabrier, Gilles; Allard, France arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.astro-ph/9704144	text	January 1997

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