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Title: Multi-Temporal Analysis and Techno-Economic Evaluation of Offshore Wind Energy Integration to the Western Interconnection

Journal Article · · IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1];  [1]
  1. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
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The intermittent nature of renewable energy generation introduces distinctive capacity challenges that hinge on various weather events occurring at different time intervals, ranging from rapid sub-hourly ramping to prolonged decadal droughts. To address these challenges, it becomes increasingly crucial to incorporate geographic and technological diversity into the energy mix. This diversity can be facilitated by transmission planning that takes into account operational considerations like frequency response, regulation, ramping capabilities, and contingency reserves, while also quantifying the broader system-wide advantages and drawbacks. This research builds upon an approach that evaluates these operational elements and extends its application to the planning of electricity transmission systems in the context of the emergence of offshore wind (OSW) energy projects in Northern California and Southern Oregon. Three generation and transmission scenarios across two future representations of the Western Interconnection (WI) are modeled, and detailed production cost modeling and power flow models of each topology were constructed. A novel multi-terminal high voltage direct current (MTDC) model was developed and utilized, and its benefit is compared with conventional high voltage direct current (HVDC) radial topology.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
2429752
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA--194209
Journal Information:
IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, Journal Name: IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy Vol. 11; ISSN 2687-7910
Publisher:
IEEECopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (10)

Hydro-economics tradeoff surfaces to guide unit commitment in production cost models journal October 2022
Capacity contributions of Southern Oregon offshore wind to the Pacific Northwest and California journal May 2024
Development of a PSS/E tool for power-flow calculation and dynamic simulation of VSC-HVDC multi-terminal systems conference January 2017
Automated Tool to Create Chronological AC Power Flow Cases for Large Interconnected Systems journal January 2021
PDCI damping control analysis for the western North American power system conference January 2013
A Novel Distributed Direct-Voltage Control Strategy for Grid Integration of Offshore Wind Energy Systems Through MTDC Network journal June 2013
Generalized Dynamic VSC MTDC Model for Power System Stability Studies journal August 2010
Offshore Wind Resource Assessment for the California Pacific Outer Continental Shelf (2020) report October 2020
Drought Impacts on Hydroelectric Power Generation in the Western United States report September 2022
Northern California and Southern Oregon Offshore Wind Transmission Study: Volume 1 (Revised) report October 2023

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Related Subjects

17 WIND ENERGY
HVDC
MTDC
Offshore wind integration
power flow
production cost modeling
western interconnection