Black hole superradiance with dark matter accretion

Hui, Lam; Law, Y.  T. Albert; Santoni, Luca; Sun, Guanhao; Tomaselli, Giovanni Maria; Trincherini, Enrico

doi:10.1103/physrevd.107.104018

Title: Black hole superradiance with dark matter accretion

Journal Article · 07 May 2023 · Physical Review. D.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.107.104018 · OSTI ID:2419882

Hui, Lam ^[1]; Law, Y. T. Albert ^[2]; Santoni, Luca ^[3]; Sun, Guanhao ^[4];

^[5];

^[6]

Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); OSTI
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)
International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste (Italy)
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)
Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands)
Scuola Normale Superiore (SNS), Pisa (Italy)

Studies of black hole superradiance often focus on the growth of a cloud in isolation, accompanied by the spin-down of the black hole. Here, in this paper, we consider the additional effect of the accretion of matter and angular momentum from the environment. We show that, in many cases, the black hole evolves by drifting along the superradiance threshold, in which case the evolution of its parameters can be described analytically or semianalytically. We quantify the conditions under which accretion can serve as a mechanism to increase the cloud-to-black hole mass ratio, beyond the standard maximum of about 10%. This occurs by a process we call oversuperradiance, whereby accretion effectively feeds the superradiance cloud, by way of the black hole. We give two explicit examples: accretion from a vortex expected in wave dark matter and accretion from a baryonic disk. In the former case, we estimate the accretion rate by using an analytical fit to the asymptotic behavior of the confluent Heun function. Level transition, whereby one cloud level grows while the other shrinks, can be understood in a similar way.

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Research Organization:: Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States); Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States); Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0007870; SC0009919; SC0011941

OSTI ID:: 2419882

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 107; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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