Liquid-to-gas transfer of sodium in a liquid cathode glow discharge

Srivastava, Tanubhav; Dogariu, Arthur; Morozov, Anatoli; Bruggeman, Peter

doi:10.1088/1361-6595/ad647b

Title: Liquid-to-gas transfer of sodium in a liquid cathode glow discharge

Journal Article · 29 July 2024 · Plasma Sources Science and Technology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ad647b · OSTI ID:2407151

; Dogariu, Arthur; Morozov, Anatoli;

Abstract Plasma-liquid interactions have been extensively studied with a focus on the transport of reactive species from the plasma to the liquid phase and their induced liquid phase chemistry and resulting applications. While solute transfer from the liquid to the gas phase in plasmas has been widely used in analytical chemistry, the underlying processes remain relatively unexplored. We report spatially and temporally resolved absolute density measurements of sodium in a plasma with a NaCl solution cathode using two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TaLIF). The observed non-linear increase in sodium density with solution conductivity is shown to correlate with droplet generation as visualized by Mie scattering. The findings are explained by droplet generation by electrospray induced by Taylor cone formation as underpinning mechanism for the introduction of sodium in the plasma. An analytical sheath model combined with a scaling law shows an increase in electric field force with solution conductivity that is consistent with the observed non-linear increase in sodium density in the plasma with solution conductivity.

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Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; SC0024480

OSTI ID:: 2407151

Journal Information:: Plasma Sources Science and Technology, Journal Name: Plasma Sources Science and Technology Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 33; ISSN 0963-0252

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Title: Liquid-to-gas transfer of sodium in a liquid cathode glow discharge

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