Detecting fractures and monitoring hydraulic fracturing processes at the first EGS Collab testbed using borehole DAS ambient noise
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- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Univ. of Houston, TX (United States)
- Univ. of Houston, TX (United States); BlueSkyDAS LLC, Sugar Land, TX (United States)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (HZP), (Germany). German Research Centre for GeoSciences; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) require cost-effective monitoring of fracture networks. We validate the capability of using borehole distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) ambient noise for fracture monitoring using core photos and core logs. The EGS Collab project has conducted 10 m scale field experiments of hydraulic fracture stimulation using 50–60 m deep experimental wells at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota. The first EGS Collab testbed is located at 1616.67 m (4850 ft) depth at SURF and consists of one injection well, one production well, and six monitoring wells. All wells are drilled subhorizontally from an access tunnel called a drift. The project uses a single continuous fiber-optic cable installed sequentially in the six monitoring wells to record DAS data for monitoring hydraulic fracturing during stimulation. We analyze 60 s time records of the borehole DAS ambient noise data and compute the noise root-mean-square (rms) amplitude on each channel (points along the fiber cable) to obtain DAS ambient noise rms amplitude depth profiles along the monitoring wellbore. Our noise rms amplitude profiles indicate amplitude peaks at distinct depths. We compare the DAS noise rms amplitude profiles with borehole core photos and core logs and find that the DAS noise rms amplitude peaks correspond to the locations of fractures or lithologic changes indicated in the core photos or core logs. We then compute the hourly DAS noise rms amplitude profiles in two monitoring wells during three stimulation cycles in 72 h and find that the DAS noise rms amplitude profiles vary with time, indicating the fracture opening/growth or closing during the hydraulic stimulation. Our results demonstrate that borehole DAS passive ambient noise can be used to detect fractures and monitor fracturing processes in EGS reservoirs.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Geothermal Technologies Office
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 89233218CNA000001; AC02-05CH11231; AC05-76RL01830; EE0008764
- OSTI ID:
- 2405114
- Report Number(s):
- LA-UR--23-21028; PNNL-SA--183375
- Journal Information:
- Geophysics, Journal Name: Geophysics Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 89; ISSN 0016-8033
- Publisher:
- Society of Exploration GeophysicistsCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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