Scintillation light in SBND: simulation, reconstruction, and expected performance of the photon detection system

Journal Article · 10 October 2024 · Eur.Phys.J.C

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13306-3 · OSTI ID:2377370

Abratenko, P.  ^[1]; Acciarri, R.  ^[2]; Adams, C. ^[3]; Aliaga-Soplin, L. ^[4]; Alterkait, O. ^[1]; Alvarez-Garrote, R.  ^[5]; Andreopoulos, C.  ^[6]; Antonakis, A. ^[7]; Arellano, L.  ^[8]; Asaadi, J. ^[4]; Badgett, W.  ^[2]; Balasubramanian, S. ^[2]; Basque, V.  ^[2]; Beever, A. ^[9]; Behera, B.  ^[10]; Belchior, E. ^[11]; Betancourt, M.  ^[2]; Bhat, A. ^[12]; Bishai, M.  ^[13]; Blake, A. ^[14] ; Bogart, B. ^[15]; Bogenschuetz, J. ^[4]; Brailsford, D. ^[14]; Brandt, A. ^[4]; Brickner, S. ^[7]; Bueno, A. ^[16]; Camilleri, L. ^[17]; Caratelli, D. ^[7]; Carber, D. ^[18]; Carlson, B. ^[10]; Carneiro, M. ^[13]; Castillo, R. ^[4]; Cavanna, F.  ^[2]; Chen, H. ^[13]; Chung, S.  ^[17]; Cicala, M. F.  ^[19]; Coackley, R. ^[14]; Crespo-Anadón, J. I. ^[5]; Cuesta, C. ^[5]; Dalager, O. ^[2]; Darby, R. ^[20]; Del Tutto, M. ^[2]; Di Benedetto, V.  ^[2]; Djurcic, Z.  ^[3]; Duffy, K. ^[21]; Dytman, S. ^[2]; Ereditato, A. ^[12]; Evans, J. J. ^[8]; Ezeribe, A. C. ^[9]; Fan, C.  ^[10]; Filkins, A. ^[22]; Fleming, B.  ^[23]; Foreman, W. ^[24]; Franco, D. ^[12]; Furic, I. ^[10]; Furmanski, A. ^[25]; Gao, S. ^[13]; Garcia-Gamez, D.  ^[16]; Gardiner, S. ^[2]; Ge, G.  ^[17]; Gil-Botella, I. ^[5]; Gollapinni, S.  ^[26]; Green, P.  ^[21]; Griffith, W. C. ^[20]; Guenette, R. ^[8]; Guzowski, P. ^[8]; Hagaman, L. ^[12]; Hamer, A. ^[27]; Hamilton, P. ^[28]; Hernandez-Morquecho, M. ^[24]; Hilgenberg, C. ^[25]; Howard, B. ^[2]; Imani, Z. ^[1]; James, C. ^[2]; Jones, R. S. ^[9]; Jung, M.  ^[12]; Junk, T. ^[2]; Kalra, D. ^[17]; Karagiorgi, G. ^[17]; Kelly, K.  ^[29]; Ketchum, W.  ^[2]; King, M.  ^[12]; Klein, J. ^[30]; Kotsiopoulou, L. ^[27]; Kroupová, T. ^[30]; Kudryavtsev, V. A. ^[9]; Larkin, J. ^[13]; Lay, H.  ^[14]; LaZur, R. ^[18]; Li, J.-Y.  ^[27]; Lin, K. ^[31]; Littlejohn, B. ^[24]; Louis, W. C. ^[32]; Luo, X. ^[7]; Machado, A. ^[33]; Machado, P.  ^[2]; Mariani, C. ^[34]; Marinho, F. ^[35]; Mastbaum, A.  ^[31]; Mavrokoridis, K. ^[6]; McConkey, N. ^[36]; McCusker, B. ^[14]; Meddage, V. ^[10]; Mendez, D. ^[13]; Mooney, M. ^[18]; Moor, A. F. ^[9]; Moura, C. A. ^[37]; Mulleriababu, S. ^[38]; Navrer-Agasson, A. ^[28]; Nebot-Guinot, M. ^[27]; Nguyen, V.C. L. ^[9]; Nicolas-Arnaldos, F.  ^[16]; Nowak, J. ^[14]; Oh, S. ^[2]; Oza, N. ^[17]; Palamara, O. ^[2]; Pallat, N. ^[25]; Pandey, V.  ^[2]; Papadopoulou, A. ^[3]; Parkinson, H. B.  ^[27]; Paton, J.  ^[2]; Paulucci, L. ^[37]; Pavlovic, Z. ^[2]; Payne, D. ^[6]; Pelegrina-Gutiérrez, L. ^[16]; Pimentel, V. L.  ^[33]; Plows, J.  ^[6]; Psihas, F. ^[2]; Putnam, G.  ^[12]; Qian, X. ^[13]; Rajagopalan, R. ^[22]; Ratoff, P. ^[14]; Ray, H. ^[10]; Reggiani-Guzzo, M. ^[27]; Roda, M. ^[6]; Ross-Lonergan, M. ^[32]; Safa, I. ^[17]; Sanchez-Castillo, A.  ^[16]; Sanchez-Lucas, P. ^[16]; Schmitz, D. W. ^[12]; Schneider, A. ^[32]; Schukraft, A.  ^[2]; Scott, H. ^[9]; Segreto, E. ^[33]; Sensenig, J. ^[30]; Shaevitz, M. ^[17]; Slater, B. ^[6]; Soares-Nunes, M.  ^[2]; Soderberg, M.  ^[22]; Söldner-Rembold, S. ^[28]; Spitz, J. ^[15]; Spooner, N.J. C. ^[9]; Stancari, M. ^[2]; Stenico, G. V. ^[4]; Strauss, T. ^[2]; Szelc, A. M. ^[27]; Totani, D. ^[7]; Toups, M. ^[2]; Touramanis, C. ^[6]; Tung, L. ^[12]; Valdiviesso, G. A. ^[39]; Van de Water, R. G. ^[32]; Vázquez-Ramos, A. ^[16]; Wan, L.  ^[2]; Weber, M. ^[38]; Wei, H. ^[11]; Wester, T. ^[12]; White, A. ^[12]; Wilkinson, A. ^[19]; Wilson, P. ^[2]; Wongjirad, T. ^[1]; Worcester, E. ^[13]; Worcester, M. ^[13]; Yadav, S.  ^[4]; Yandel, E. ^[7]; Yang, T. ^[2]; Yates, L. ^[2]; Yu, B. ^[13]; Yu, J. ^[4]; Zamorano, B. ^[16]; Zennamo, J. ^[2]; Zhang, C. ^[13]

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1. Tufts U.
2. Fermilab
3. Argonne, PHY
4. Texas U., Arlington
5. Madrid, CIEMAT
6. Liverpool U.
7. UC, Santa Barbara
8. Manchester U.
9. Sheffield U.
10. Florida U.
11. NASA, Goddard
12. Chicago U., EFI
13. Brookhaven
14. Lancaster U.
15. Michigan U.; KEK, Tsukuba; Hiroshima Shudo U.
16. CAFPE, Granada
17. Columbia U.
18. Colorado State U.; Fermilab
19. University Coll. London
20. Sussex U.
21. Oxford U.
22. Syracuse U. (main)
23. Chicago U., EFI; Fermilab
24. Brunel U.
25. Minnesota U.
26. Los Alamos; Tennessee U.
27. Edinburgh U.
28. Imperial Coll., London
29. Texas A-M
30. Pennsylvania U.
31. Rutgers U., Piscataway
32. Los Alamos
33. Campinas State U.
34. Virginia Tech.
35. Sao Paulo, Inst. Tech. Aeronautics
36. Queen Mary, U. of London
37. ABC Federal U.
38. Bern U.
39. Alfenas Fed. U., Pocos de Caldas

SBND is the near detector of the Short-Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab. Its location near to the Booster Neutrino Beam source and relatively large mass will allow the study of neutrino interactions on argon with unprecedented statistics. This paper describes the expected performance of the SBND photon detection system, using a simulated sample of beam neutrinos and cosmogenic particles. Its design is a dual readout concept combining a system of 120 photomultiplier tubes, used for triggering, with a system of 192 X-ARAPUCA devices, located behind the anode wire planes. Furthermore, covering the cathode plane with highly-reflective panels coated with a wavelength-shifting compound recovers part of the light emitted towards the cathode, where no optical detectors exist. We show how this new design provides a high light yield and a more uniform detection efficiency, an excellent timing resolution and an independent 3D-position reconstruction using only the scintillation light. Finally, the whole reconstruction chain is applied to recover the temporal structure of the beam spill, which is resolved with a resolution on the order of nanoseconds.

• Research Organization: Texas A-M; Texas U., Arlington; CAFPE, Granada; Virginia Tech.; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Rutgers U., Piscataway; Minnesota U.; Sheffield U.; Sao Paulo, Inst. Tech. Aeronautics; Syracuse U. (main); Tufts U.; Manchester U.; Oxford U.; NASA, Goddard; ABC Federal U.; Campinas State U.; Liverpool U.; Lancaster U.; Florida U.; Queen Mary, U. of London; Madrid, CIEMAT; Bern U.; Sussex U.; Imperial Coll., London; Columbia U.; Brunel U.; Colorado State U.; Edinburgh U.; Michigan U.; Pennsylvania U.; University Coll. London; Tennessee U.; KEK, Tsukuba; Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); UC, Santa Barbara; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Hiroshima Shudo U.; Chicago U., EFI; Alfenas Fed. U., Pocos de Caldas
• Sponsoring Organization: US Department of Energy
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-07CH11359; 89243024CSC000002
• OSTI ID: 2377370
• Report Number(s): FERMILAB-PUB-24-0303-PPD; oai:inspirehep.net:2796918; arXiv:2406.07514
• Journal Information: Eur.Phys.J.C, Journal Name: Eur.Phys.J.C Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 84
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English