Advanced fuel fusion, phase space engineering, and structure-preserving geometric algorithms

Qin, Hong

doi:10.1063/5.0203707

Title: Advanced fuel fusion, phase space engineering, and structure-preserving geometric algorithms

Journal Article · 07 May 2024 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0203707 · OSTI ID:2376984

^[1]

Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States); Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)

Non-thermal advanced fuel fusion trades the requirement of a large amount of recirculating tritium in the system for that of large recirculating power. Phase space engineering technologies utilizing externally injected electromagnetic fields can be applied to meet the challenge of maintaining non-thermal particle distributions at a reasonable cost. The physical processes of the phase space engineering are studied from a theoretical and algorithmic perspective. It is emphasized that the operational space of phase space engineering is limited by the underpinning symplectic dynamics of charged particles. The phase space incompressibility according to the Liouville theorem is just one of many constraints, and Gromov's non-squeezing theorem determines the minimum footprint of the charged particles on every conjugate phase space plane. In this sense and level of sophistication, the mathematical abstraction of phase space engineering is symplectic topology. To simulate the processes of phase space engineering, such as the Maxwell demon and electromagnetic energy extraction, and to accurately calculate the minimum footprints of charged particles, recently developed structure-preserving geometric algorithms can be used. The family of algorithms conserves exactly, on discretized spacetime, symplecticity and thus incompressibility, non-squeezability, and symplectic capacities. The algorithms apply to the dynamics of charged particles under the influence of external electromagnetic fields as well as the charged particle–electromagnetic field system governed by the Vlasov–Maxwell equations.

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Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466

OSTI ID:: 2376984

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2567886

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 31; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Canonical symplectic particle-in-cell method for long-term large-scale simulations of the Vlasov–Maxwell equations Qin, Hong; Liu, Jian; Xiao, Jianyuan Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/56/1/014001	journal	December 2015
Geometric Particle-in-Cell Simulations of the Vlasov--Maxwell System in Curvilinear Coordinates Perse, Benedikt; Kormann, Katharina; Sonnendrücker, Eric SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Vol. 43, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1311934	journal	January 2021
Generalized parametrization methods for centroid and envelope dynamics of charged particle beams in coupled lattices Chung, Moses; Qin, Hong Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5018426	journal	January 2018
Explicit symplectic algorithms based on generating functions for charged particle dynamics Zhang, Ruili; Qin, Hong; Tang, Yifa Physical Review E, Vol. 94, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.94.013205	journal	July 2016
On the Boris solver in particle-in-cell simulation Zenitani, Seiji; Umeda, Takayuki Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5051077	journal	November 2018
The Symplectic Camel and the Uncertainty Principle: The Tip of an Iceberg? de Gosson, Maurice A. Foundations of Physics, Vol. 39, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-009-9272-2	journal	January 2009
High order volume-preserving algorithms for relativistic charged particles in general electromagnetic fields He, Yang; Sun, Yajuan; Zhang, Ruili Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962677	journal	September 2016

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