Symbiotic bacteriophages exhibit multiple adaptive strategies in activated sludge flocs and contribute to floc stability

Qi, Huiyuan; Wu, Ruonan; Ye, Mao; Huang, Dan; Wang, Luokai; Liao, Jingqiu; Yu, Pingfeng

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.152448

Title: Symbiotic bacteriophages exhibit multiple adaptive strategies in activated sludge flocs and contribute to floc stability

Journal Article · 20 May 2024 · Chemical Engineering Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.152448 · OSTI ID:2367535

Qi, Huiyuan ^[1];

^[2]; Ye, Mao ^[3]; Huang, Dan ^[4]; Wang, Luokai ^[4]; Liao, Jingqiu ^[5];

^[6]

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing (China); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (China); Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou (China)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing (China); University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (China)
Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou (China)
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou (China); Zhejiang Univ., Jiashan (China)

Despite the importance of phages for the dynamics and functions of microbial communities, it remains largely unexplored how symbiotic phages adapt in activated sludge systems and influence microbial aggregate stability, which is critical for clarification and reliable performance. Here, based on 12,127 phage contigs recovered from 12 activated sludge microbiomes, the symbiotic phages exhibited broad host ranges and infected dominant prokaryotes in activated sludge. Moreover, these phage communities exhibited high lysogenicity (49% to 66% lysogenic phages) and harbored diverse auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) that could enhance microbial aggregate stability, such as genes coding for lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis. Additionally, prokaryotic antiviral systems were widely distributed in dominant prokaryotes, particularly the Restriction-Modification (RM) and CRISPR-Cas systems, which could mitigate potential harmful phage infections. Overall, this study reveals the contemporary beneficial relationship between phages and prokaryotic hosts in activated sludge microbiomes and the potential benefits of symbiotic phages on floc stability.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2367535

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--188622

Journal Information:: Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Name: Chemical Engineering Journal Vol. 492; ISSN 1385-8947

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Microbial aggregates
Lysogenic phages
Auxiliary metabolic genes
Dominant species
Microbial stability

Title: Symbiotic bacteriophages exhibit multiple adaptive strategies in activated sludge flocs and contribute to floc stability

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