Forecasts for Galaxy Formation and Dark Matter Constraints from Dwarf Galaxy Surveys

Nadler, Ethan O.; Gluscevic, Vera; Driskell, Trey; Wechsler, Risa H.; Moustakas, Leonidas A.; Benson, Andrew; Mao, Yao-Yuan

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad3bb1

Title: Forecasts for Galaxy Formation and Dark Matter Constraints from Dwarf Galaxy Surveys

Journal Article · 17 May 2024 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3bb1 · OSTI ID:2352290

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Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA (United States); Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA (United States)
Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

The abundance of faint dwarf galaxies is determined by the underlying population of low-mass dark matter (DM) halos and the efficiency of galaxy formation in these systems. Here, we quantify potential galaxy formation and DM constraints from future dwarf satellite galaxy surveys. We generate satellite populations using a suite of Milky Way (MW)–mass cosmological zoom-in simulations and an empirical galaxy–halo connection model, and assess sensitivity to galaxy formation and DM signals when marginalizing over galaxy–halo connection uncertainties. We find that a survey of all satellites around one MW-mass host can constrain a galaxy formation cutoff at peak virial masses of M₅₀ = 10⁸ M_⊙ at the 1σ level; however, a tail toward low M₅₀ prevents a 2σ measurement. In this scenario, combining hosts with differing bright satellite abundances significantly reduces uncertainties on M₅₀ at the 1σ level, but the 2σ tail toward low M₅₀ persists. We project that observations of one (two) complete satellite populations can constrain warm DM models with m_WDM ≈ 10 keV (20 keV). Subhalo mass function (SHMF) suppression can be constrained to ≈70%, 60%, and 50% that in cold dark matter (CDM) at peak virial masses of 10⁸, 10⁹, and 10¹⁰M_⊙, respectively; SHMF enhancement constraints are weaker (≈20, 4, and 2 times that in CDM, respectively) due to galaxy–halo connection degeneracies. These results motivate searches for faint dwarf galaxies beyond the MW and indicate that ongoing missions like Euclid and upcoming facilities including the Vera C. Rubin Observatory and Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will probe new galaxy formation and DM physics.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; 21-ATP21-0135; PHY-2239205; PHY-2210452

OSTI ID:: 2352290

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2396963

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 967, Issue 1; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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SHARP – VII. New constraints on the dark matter free-streaming properties and substructure abundance from gravitationally lensed quasars Hsueh, J-W; Enzi, W.; Vegetti, S. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3177	journal	November 2019
Milky Way Satellite Census. I. The Observational Selection Function for Milky Way Satellites in DES Y3 and Pan-STARRS DR1 Drlica-Wagner, A.; Bechtol, K.; Mau, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 893, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7eb9	journal	April 2020
grumpy: a simple framework for realistic forward modelling of dwarf galaxies Kravtsov, Andrey; Manwadkar, Viraj Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 514, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1439	journal	May 2022
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