Turbulent drifts of impurity ions as an explanation for anomalous radial transport in the far-SOL of DIII-D

Zamperini, Shawn Angelo; Bernard, Tess N.; Rudakov, Dmitry L.; Boedo, Jose A.

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ad4c78

Title: Turbulent drifts of impurity ions as an explanation for anomalous radial transport in the far-SOL of DIII-D

Journal Article · 15 May 2024 · Nuclear Fusion

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad4c78 · OSTI ID:2352277

^[1]; Bernard, Tess N. ^[2];

^[3]; Boedo, Jose A. ^[4]

General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States); General Atomics
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
University of California - San Diego, CA (United States)

Successful fusion reactor operation relies on minimal core contamination by impurities, otherwise too much power may be radiated and harm performance. This requires reliable predictions of impurity transport from the scrape-off layer (SOL) into the core, beyond the traditional "anomalous" diffusion approach. We report a set of far-SOL tungsten transport simulations that demonstrate the role of turbulent drifts on radial impurity transport. A turbulent plasma background is simulated using the gyrokinetic SOL code Gkeyll. Tungsten ions are followed within the plasma background using only their drifts. We find that tungsten tends to travel radially outwards with velocities between v_r = 300-1,200 m/s primarily due to polarization drift. We also extract an anomalous radial diffusion coefficient that varies from D_r^anom = 5 – 20 m2/s. These results are compared to and agree with previous interpretive modeling results. We also show how the turbulent polarization drift can transport some tungsten ions from the wall inwards with effective pinch velocities up to 10,000 m/s. We conclude that turbulent drifts are a likely explanation for historically anomalous radial impurity transport.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-04ER54698; FG02-95ER54309; FG02-07ER54917

OSTI ID:: 2352277

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2350974; OSTI ID: 2361149

Journal Information:: Nuclear Fusion, Journal Name: Nuclear Fusion Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 64; ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (31)

Pedestal and edge electrostatic turbulence characteristics from an XGC1 gyrokinetic simulation Churchill, R. M.; Chang, C. S.; Ku, S. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aa7c03	journal	August 2017
Gyrokinetic continuum simulations of plasma turbulence in the Texas Helimak Bernard, T. N.; Shi, E. L.; Gentle, K. W. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5085457	journal	April 2019
Progress with the 5D full-F continuum gyrokinetic code COGENT Dorf, Mikhail; Dorr, Milo Contributions to Plasma Physics, Vol. 60, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.1002/ctpp.201900113	journal	February 2020
Comparison of particle transport in the scrape-off layer plasmas of Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D Lipschultz, B.; Whyte, D.; LaBombard, B. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/47/10/001	journal	September 2005
Validation of edge turbulence codes against the TCV-X21 diverted L-mode reference case Oliveira, D. S.; Body, T.; Galassi, D. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 62, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac4cde	journal	July 2022
Drift reduced Landau fluid model for magnetized plasma turbulence simulations in BOUT++ framework Zhu, Ben; Seto, Haruki; Xu, Xue-qiao Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 267 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2021.108079	journal	October 2021
Transport by intermittent convection in the boundary of the DIII-D tokamak Boedo, J. A.; Rudakov, D.; Moyer, R. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1406940	journal	November 2001
Modeling of ExB effects on tungsten re-deposition and transport in the DIII-D divertor Nichols, J. H.; Abrams, T.; Chrobak, C. P. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 61, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac14e6	journal	August 2021
Helium-3 transport experiments in the scrape-off layer with the Alcator C-Mod omegatron ion mass spectrometer Nachtrieb, R.; LaBombard, B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 7, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1312281	journal	November 2000
Modeling turbulent impurity transport in the SOL of DIII-D with a reduced model Zamperini, S.; Nichols, J. H.; Odstrcil, T. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 66, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ad304b	journal	March 2024
Reproduction of collector probe deposition profiles using the far-SOL impurity transport code 3DLIM Zamperini, S. A.; Elder, J. D.; Stangeby, P. C. Nuclear Materials and Energy, Vol. 25 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2020.100811	journal	December 2020
Evidence of near-SOL tungsten accumulation using a far-SOL collector probe array and OEDGE modelling in the DIII-D metal rings L-mode discharges Elder, J. D.; Stangeby, P. C.; Unterberg, E. A. Nuclear Materials and Energy, Vol. 19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2019.03.007	journal	May 2019
Calculation of observable quantities using a divertor impurity interpretive code, DIVIMP Stangeby, P. C.; Elder, J. D. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 196-198 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3115(06)80042-5	journal	December 1992
A fully implicit, time dependent 2-D fluid code for modeling tokamak edge plasmas Rognlien, T. D.; Milovich, J. L.; Rensink, M. E. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 196-198 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3115(06)80058-9	journal	December 1992
The new SOLPS-ITER code package Wiesen, S.; Reiter, D.; Kotov, V. Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 463 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.10.012	journal	August 2015
Separatrix-to-Wall Simulations of Impurity Transport with a Fully Three-Dimensional Wall in DIII-D Zamperini, Shawn; Abrams, T.; Nichols, J. H. Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 79, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2022.2082791	journal	July 2022
Continuum electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulations of turbulence in the tokamak scrape-off layer and laboratory devices Hakim, Ammar H.; Mandell, Noah R.; Bernard, T. N. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5141157	journal	April 2020
Impurity transport caused by blob and hole propagations Hasegawa, Hiroki; Ishiguro, Seiji Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 57, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa7700	journal	August 2017
Reduction of transport due to magnetic shear in gyrokinetic simulations of the scrape-off layer Mandell, N. R.; Hammett, G. W.; Hakim, A. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 64, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ac72be	journal	June 2022
High resolution numerical studies of separatrix splitting due to non-axisymmetric perturbation in DIII-D Wingen, A.; Evans, T. E.; Spatschek, K. H. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 49, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/49/5/055027	journal	April 2009
Discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for fully kinetic plasmas Juno, J.; Hakim, A.; TenBarge, J. Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 353 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2017.10.009	journal	January 2018
Full- f gyrokinetic simulation of turbulence in a helical open-field-line plasma Shi, E. L.; Hammett, G. W.; Stoltzfus-Dueck, T. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5074179	journal	January 2019
Recent theoretical progress in understanding coherent structures in edge and SOL turbulence Krasheninnikov, S. I.; D'Ippolito, D. A.; Myra, J. R. Journal of Plasma Physics, Vol. 74, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022377807006940	journal	October 2008
Effects of nitrogen seeding in a tokamak plasma Raj, Shrish; Bisai, N.; Shankar, Vijay Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 27, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0015647	journal	December 2020
Effect of neutral interactions on parallel transport and blob dynamics in gyrokinetic scrape-off layer simulations Bernard, T. N.; Halpern, F. D.; Francisquez, M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 30, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0160588	journal	November 2023
Simulations of tokamak boundary plasma turbulence transport in setting the divertor heat flux width Xu, X. Q.; Li, N. M.; Li, Z. Y. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab430d	journal	October 2019
Edge turbulence in tokamaks, stellarators and reversed field pinches Wootton, A. J.; Tsui, H. Y. W.; Prager, S. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 34, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/34/13/035	journal	December 1992
Multiscale gyrokinetics for rotating tokamak plasmas: fluctuations, transport and energy flows Abel, I. G.; Plunk, G. G.; Wang, E. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 76, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/76/11/116201	journal	October 2013
Drift-ordered fluid vorticity equation with energy consistency Halpern, Federico D.; Waltz, Ronald E.; Bernard, Tess N. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0135158	journal	March 2023
GENE-X: A full-f gyrokinetic turbulence code based on the flux-coordinate independent approach Michels, Dominik; Stegmeir, Andreas; Ulbl, Philipp Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 264 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2021.107986	journal	July 2021
Collisional-radiative study of lithium plasmas Loch, S. D.; Fontes, C. J.; Colgan, J. Physical Review E, Vol. 69, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.066405	journal	June 2004

Similar Records

Erosion/redeposition analysis of the ITER first wall with convective and non-convective plasma transport

Journal Article · 2006 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:20860436

Brooks, J N; Allain, J P; Rognlien, T D

Multi-fluid code simulations including anomalous non-diffusive transport of plasma and impurities in the tokamak SOL

Journal Article · 2003 · Plasma Physics · OSTI ID:15013696

Pigarov, A Y; West, W; Soukhanovskii, V; +5 more

The influence of collisional and anomalous radial diffusion on parallel ion transport in edge plasmas

Conference · 1996 · OSTI ID:490365

Helander, P; Hazeltine, R D; Catto, P J

Related Subjects

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY

Title: Turbulent drifts of impurity ions as an explanation for anomalous radial transport in the far-SOL of DIII-D

Citation Formats

References (31)

Similar Records

Related Subjects