The Liquid Jet Endstation for Hard X-ray Scattering and Spectroscopy at the Linac Coherent Light Source

Antolini, Cali; Alfaro, Victor Sosa; Reinhard, Marco; Chatterjee, Gourab; Ribson, Ryan; Sokaras, Dimosthenis; Gee, Leland; Sato, Takahiro; Kramer, Patrick L.; Raj, Sumana Laxmi; Hayes, Brandon; Schleissner, Pamela; Garcia-Esparza, Angel T.; Lim, Jinkyu; Babicz, Jr., Jeffrey Babicz; Follmer, Alec H.; Nelson, Silke; Chollet, Matthieu; Alonso-Mori, Roberto; van Driel, Tim B.

doi:10.3390/molecules29102323

Title: The Liquid Jet Endstation for Hard X-ray Scattering and Spectroscopy at the Linac Coherent Light Source

Journal Article · 14 May 2024 · Molecules

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102323 · OSTI ID:2349466

^[1];

^[2];

^[2]; Ribson, Ryan ^[2];

^[2];

^[2]; Sato, Takahiro ^[2];

^[2];

^[2]; Hayes, Brandon ^[2]; Schleissner, Pamela ^[2];

^[2];

^[3]; Babicz, Jr., Jeffrey Babicz ^[2];

^[4]; Nelson, Silke ^[2]; Chollet, Matthieu ^[2];

^[2];

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SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); SLAC National Laboratory
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon (Korea, Republic of)
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)

The ability to study chemical dynamics on ultrafast timescales has greatly advanced with the introduction of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) providing short pulses of intense X-rays tailored to probe atomic structure and electronic configuration. Fully exploiting the full potential of XFELs requires specialized experimental endstations along with the development of techniques and methods to successfully carry out experiments. The liquid jet endstation (LJE) at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) has been developed to study photochemistry and biochemistry in solution systems using a combination of X-ray solution scattering (XSS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). The pump–probe setup utilizes an optical laser to excite the sample, which is subsequently probed by a hard X-ray pulse to resolve structural and electronic dynamics at their intrinsic femtosecond timescales. The LJE ensures reliable sample delivery to the X-ray interaction point via various liquid jets, enabling rapid replenishment of thin samples with millimolar concentrations and low sample volumes at the 120 Hz repetition rate of the LCLS beam. This paper provides a detailed description of the LJE design and of the techniques it enables, with an emphasis on the diagnostics required for real-time monitoring of the liquid jet and on the spatiotemporal overlap methods used to optimize the signal. Additionally, various scientific examples are discussed, highlighting the versatility of the LJE.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 2349466

Journal Information:: Molecules, Journal Name: Molecules Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 29; ISSN 1420-3049

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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