Parton distributions from boosted fields in the Coulomb gauge

Gao, Xiang; Liu, Wei-Yang; Zhao, Yong

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.109.094506

Title: Parton distributions from boosted fields in the Coulomb gauge

Journal Article · 09 May 2024 · Physical Review D

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.094506 · OSTI ID:2349153

Gao, Xiang ^[1];

^[2];

^[1]

Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Stony Brook University, NY (United States)

We propose a new method to calculate parton distribution functions (PDFs) from lattice correlations of boosted quarks and gluons in the Coulomb gauge. Compared to the widely used gauge-invariant Wilson-line operators, these correlations greatly simplify the renormalization thanks to the absence of linear power divergence. Additionally, they enable access to larger off-axis momenta under preserved 3D rotational symmetry, as well as enhanced long-range precision that facilitates the Fourier transform. We verify the factorization formula that relates this new observable to the quark PDF at one-loop order in perturbation theory. Moreover, through a lattice calculation of the pion valence quark PDF, we demonstrate the aforementioned advantage and features of the Coulomb gauge correlation and show that it yields consistent results with the gauge-invariant method. This opens the door to a more efficient way to calculate parton physics on the lattice.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Temple University-Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education, Philadelphia, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR). Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; SC0023646

OSTI ID:: 2349153

Journal Information:: Physical Review D, Journal Name: Physical Review D Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 109; ISSN 2470-0010; ISSN 2470-0029

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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