Effects of spatial variability in vegetation phenology, climate, landcover, biodiversity, topography, and soil property on soil respiration across a coastal ecosystem

He, Yinan; Lamberty, Benjamin Bond; Myers-Pigg, Allison N.; Newcomer, Michelle E.; Ladau, Joshua; Holmquist, James R.; Brown, James B.; Falco, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30470

Title: Effects of spatial variability in vegetation phenology, climate, landcover, biodiversity, topography, and soil property on soil respiration across a coastal ecosystem

Journal Article · 26 April 2024 · Heliyon

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30470 · OSTI ID:2345870

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^[1]; Ladau, Joshua ^[4]; Holmquist, James R. ^[5]; Brown, James B. ^[4];

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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Area
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Joint Global Change Research Institute
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Marine and Coastal Research Laboratory; University of Toledo, OH (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Computational Biosciences Group
Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD (United States)

Coastal terrestrial-aquatic interfaces (TAIs) are crucial contributors to global biogeochemical cycles and carbon exchange. A systematic evaluation of the interaction between coastal catchment properties and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission by soil respiration is significant for assessing carbon dynamics and predicting the future trajectory of atmospheric CO2 concentrations in coastal TAIs. The soil CO2 efflux in these transition zones is however poorly understood due to the high spatiotemporal dynamics of TAIs, as various sub-ecosystems in this region are compressed and expanded by complex influences of tides, changes in river levels, climate, and land use. We focus on the Chesapeake Bay region to (i) investigate the spatial heterogeneity of the coastal ecosystem and identify spatial zones with similar environmental characteristics based on the spatial data layers, including vegetation index (kNDVI), climate, landcover, diversity, topography, soil property, and relative tidal elevation; (ii) understand the primary driving factors affecting soil respiration within sub-ecosystems of the coastal ecosystem. Specifically, we employed hierarchical clustering analysis to identify spatial regions with distinct environmental characteristics, followed by the determination of main driving factors using Random Forest regression and SHapley Additive exPlanations. Maximum and minimum temperature are the main drivers common to all sub-ecosystems, while each region also has additional unique major drivers that differentiate them from one another. Precipitation exerts an influence on vegetated lands, while soil pH value holds importance specifically in forested lands. In croplands characterized by high clay content and low sand content, the significant role is attributed to bulk density. Wetlands demonstrate the importance of both elevation and sand content, with clay content being more relevant in non-inundated wetlands than in inundated wetlands. The topographic wetness index significantly contributes to the mixed vegetation areas, including shrub, grass, pasture, and forest. Additionally, our research reveals that dense vegetation land covers and urban/developed areas exhibit distinct soil property drivers. Overall, there is no one-size-fits-all approach to modeling carbon fluxes in coastal TAIs, and our study highlights the importance of further research and monitoring practices to improve our understanding of carbon dynamics and promote the sustainable management of coastal TAIs.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2345870

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--186788

Journal Information:: Heliyon, Journal Name: Heliyon Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 10; ISSN 2405-8440

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Effects of spatial variability in vegetation phenology, climate, landcover, biodiversity, topography, and soil property on soil respiration across a coastal ecosystem

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