Transport from electron-scale turbulence in toroidal magnetic confinement devices

Ren, Yang; Guttenfelder, W.; Kaye, S. M.; Wang, W. X.

doi:10.1007/s41614-023-00138-z

Title: Transport from electron-scale turbulence in toroidal magnetic confinement devices

Journal Article · 01 March 2024 · Reviews of Modern Plasma Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41614-023-00138-z · OSTI ID:2341784

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Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Plasma transport driven by turbulence ultimately determines the energy confinement performance of controlled fusion devices regardless of their confinement schemes and configurations. A large variety of plasma instabilities have been proposed for driving turbulence responsible for anomalous plasma transport beyond classical/neoclassical transport due to collisions. Although ion-scale turbulence usually dominates due to its large eddy size and saturation level, electron-scale turbulence has been recognized to be important in regions where ion-scale turbulence is suppressed (e.g., in internal transport barrier and in spherical tokamak H-mode plasmas) or is close to marginality. Electron-scale turbulence has been shown to nonlinearly interact with ion-scale turbulence, which modifies the dynamics of both and affects the resulting plasma transport, particularly when ion-scale instability is weakly driven. In this review paper, we focus on electron-scale turbulence that is believed to operate in magnetically confinement fusion devices and aim to provide a review of theoretical, numerical, and experimental developments in understanding electron-scale turbulence and its role in driving anomalous plasma turbulence. In particular, we focus on the electrostatic electron temperature gradient (ETG) mode which is the most widely recognized plasma instability underlying electron-scale turbulence observed in magnetically confined plasmas. Finally, we note that there are other less studied instabilities that might be responsible for observed electron-scale turbulence, most notably ubiquitous mode, and short-wavelength ion temperature gradient (SWITG) mode, which will be briefly touched on in this review.

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Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466

OSTI ID:: 2341784

Journal Information:: Reviews of Modern Plasma Physics, Journal Name: Reviews of Modern Plasma Physics Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 8; ISSN 2367-3192

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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