Control of ternary alloy composition during remote epitaxy on graphene

LaDuca, Zachary; Su, Katherine; Manzo, Sebastian; Arnold, Michael S.; Kawasaki, Jason K.

doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.7.083401

Title: Control of ternary alloy composition during remote epitaxy on graphene

Journal Article · 09 August 2023 · Physical Review Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.7.083401 · OSTI ID:2339632

LaDuca, Zachary ^[1]; Su, Katherine ^[2]; Manzo, Sebastian ^[2]; Arnold, Michael S. ^[2];

^[2]

Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); University of Wisconsin-Madison
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)

Understanding the sticking coefficient σ, i.e., the probability of an adatom sticking to a surface, is essential for controlling the stoichiometry during epitaxial film growth. However, σ on monolayer graphene-covered surfaces and its impact on remote epitaxy are not understood. Here, using molecular-beam epitaxial growth of the magnetic shape memory alloy Ni₂ MnGa, we show that the sticking coefficients for metals on graphene-covered MgO (001) are less than one and are temperature and element dependent, as revealed by ion backscattering spectrometry and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. This lies in stark contrast with most transition metals sticking on semiconductor and oxide substrates, for which σ is near unity at typical growth temperatures (T < 800°C). By initiating growth below 400°C, where the sticking coefficients are closer to unity and wetting on the graphene surface is improved, we demonstrate the epitaxy of Ni₂ MnGa films with controlled stoichiometry that can be exfoliated to produce freestanding membranes. Straining these membranes tunes the magnetic coercive field. Finally, our results provide a route to synthesize membranes with complex stoichiometries whose properties can be manipulated via strain.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016007

OSTI ID:: 2339632

Journal Information:: Physical Review Materials, Journal Name: Physical Review Materials Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 7; ISSN 2475-9953

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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