Disposition of Solids from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass: Current Understanding, Research Gaps, and Opportunities

Middleton-Smith, Lisa A.; Zacher, Alan H.; Blackwell, Shelley; Benemann, John; Lundquist, Tryg

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c01828

Title: Disposition of Solids from Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass: Current Understanding, Research Gaps, and Opportunities

Journal Article · 24 October 2023 · Energy and Fuels

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c01828 · OSTI ID:2337914

^[1];

^[1]; Blackwell, Shelley ^[2]; Benemann, John ^[2]; Lundquist, Tryg ^[3]

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
MicroBio Engineering, San Luis Obispo, CA (United States)
California Polytechnic State Univ. (CalPoly), San Luis Obispo, CA (United States)

Characteristics of solid residuals generated during hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass are reported to establish disposition options for these residuals to reduce liability or barriers to commercialization of HTL. HTL solids from pilot scale are reported and compared to existing HTL solids literature for a variety of biomass feedstocks and HTL configurations, noting differences among literature HTL solids due to solids collection methods. Reported analyses include CHNOS, moisture, ash, inorganics by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), and High Heating Value (HHV). HTL solids are determined to be substantially compatible with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) disposal regulations within existing data. Disposition and valorization routes are identified, yet combustion as valorization is determined to be not economically beneficial. Further, research gaps are identified, which include the need for future research to be performed on HTL solids that are representative of a continuous, commercializable flowsheet; verification that specific HTL solids meet EPA disposal requirements; exploration of valorization options; and the need for invention of continuous HTL solids separations/management.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2337914

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--190240

Journal Information:: Energy and Fuels, Journal Name: Energy and Fuels Journal Issue: 22 Vol. 37; ISSN 0887-0624

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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