Developing a Redox Network for Coastal Saltmarsh Systems in the PFLOTRAN Reaction Model

O’Meara, Theresa A.; Yuan, Fengming; Sulman, Benjamin N.; Noyce, G. L.; Rich, Roy; Thornton, Peter E.; Megonigal, James Patrick

doi:10.1029/2023jg007633

Title: Developing a Redox Network for Coastal Saltmarsh Systems in the PFLOTRAN Reaction Model

Journal Article · 08 March 2024 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jg007633 · OSTI ID:2333807

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Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD (United States)

Coastal ecosystems have been largely ignored in Earth system models but are important zones for carbon and nutrient processing. Interactions between water, microbes, soil, sediments, and vegetation are important for mechanistic representation of coastal processes and ecosystem function. To investigate the role of these feedbacks, we used a reactive transport model (PFLOTRAN) that has the capability to be connected to the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). PFLOTRAN was used to incorporate redox reactions and track chemical species important for coastal ecosystems as well as define simple representations of vegetation dynamics. Here our goal was to incorporate oxygen flux, salinity, pH, sulfur cycling, and methane production along with plant-mediated transport of gases and tidal flux. Using porewater profile and incubation data for model calibration and evaluation, we were able to create depth-resolved biogeochemical soil profiles for saltmarsh habitat and use this updated representation to simulate direct and indirect effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on subsurface biogeochemical cycling. We found that simply changing the partial pressure of CO₂ or increasing temperature in the model did not fully reproduce observed changes in the porewater profile, but the inclusion of plant or microbial responses to CO₂ and temperature manipulations was more accurate in representing porewater concentrations. This indicates the importance of characterizing tightly coupled vegetation-subsurface processes for developing predictive understanding and the need for measurement of plant-soil interactions on the same time scale to understand how hotspots or moments are generated.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; SC0014413; SC0019110; SC0021131; SC0021112

OSTI ID:: 2333807

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 129; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Developing a Redox Network for Coastal Saltmarsh Systems in the PFLOTRAN Reaction Model

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