Frequency Nadir Constrained Unit Commitment for High Renewable Penetration Island Power Systems

Liu, Xuebo; Fang, Xin; Gao, Ningchao; Yuan, Haoyu; Hoke, Andy; Wu, Hongyu; Tan, Jin

doi:10.1109/oajpe.2024.3370504

Title: Frequency Nadir Constrained Unit Commitment for High Renewable Penetration Island Power Systems

Journal Article · 25 February 2024 · IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/oajpe.2024.3370504 · OSTI ID:2329445

^[1];

^[2];

^[3]; Yuan, Haoyu ^[4];

^[3];

^[5];

^[3]

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (United States)
Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Active Power Investments LLC, Bellaire, TX (United States)
Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS (United States)

The process of energy decarbonization in island power systems is accelerated due to the swift integration of inverter-based renewable energy resources (IBRs). The unique features of such systems, including rapid frequency changes resulting from potential generation outages or imbalances due to the unpredictability of renewable power, pose a significant challenge in maintaining the frequency nadir without external support. This paper presents a unit commitment (UC) model with data-driven frequency nadir constraints, including either frequency nadir or minimum inertia requirements, helping to limit frequency deviations after significant generator outages. The constraints are formulated using a linear regression model that takes advantage of real-world, year-long generation scheduling and dynamic simulation data. The efficacy of the proposed UC model is verified through a year-long simulation in an actual island power system using historical weather data. The alternative minimum inertia constraint, derived from actual system operation assumptions, is also evaluated. Findings demonstrate that the proposed frequency nadir constraint notably improves the system's frequency nadir under high photovoltaic (PV) penetration levels, albeit with a slight increase in generation costs, when compared to the alternative minimum inertia constraint.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2329445

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5D00-89357; MainId:90136; UUID:3b1e1b3e-dece-4001-bbc5-88f7cf9a3558; MainAdminId:72215

Journal Information:: IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, Journal Name: IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy Vol. 11; ISSN 2687-7910

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (37)

Data-Driven Stochastic Unit Commitment for Integrating Wind Generation Zhao, Chaoyue; Guan, Yongpei IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2477311	journal	July 2016
Market Mechanism Design of Inertia and Primary Frequency Response With Consideration of Energy Market Li, Kexin; Guo, Hongye; Fang, Xichen IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 38, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2022.3223497	journal	November 2023
Adaptive Underfrequency Load Shedding Based on the Magnitude of the Disturbance Estimation Terzija, V. V. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 21, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2006.879315	journal	August 2006
Predictive and mechanistic multivariate linear regression models for reaction development Santiago, Celine B.; Guo, Jing-Yao; Sigman, Matthew S. Chemical Science, Vol. 9, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7SC04679K	journal	January 2018
Frequency-regulating reserve constrained unit commitment for an isolated power system Chang, Gary W.; Chuang, Ching-Sheng; Lu, Tai-Ken IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2208126	journal	May 2013
Multi-Timescale Integrated Dynamics and Scheduling for Solar (MIDAS-Solar) (Final Technical Report) Tan, Jin; Hoke, Andy; Yuan, Haoyu https://doi.org/10.2172/1972321	report	April 2023
Frequency Dynamics Constrained Unit Commitment With Battery Energy Storage Wen, Yunfeng; Li, Wenyuan; Huang, Gang IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2521882	journal	November 2016
Data-Driven Look-Ahead Unit Commitment Considering Forbidden Zones and Dynamic Ramping Rates Jin, Ziliang; Pan, Kai; Fan, Lei IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 15, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2018.2876316	journal	June 2019
Governor Rate-Constrained OPF for Primary Frequency Control Adequacy Chavez, Hector; Baldick, Ross; Sharma, Sandip IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2298838	journal	May 2014
Frequency Constrained Scheduling Under Multiple Uncertainties via Data-Driven Distributionally Robust Chance-Constrained Approach Yang, Lun; Li, Zhihao; Xu, Yinliang IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 14, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2022.3225136	journal	April 2023
Stochastic Scheduling With Inertia-Dependent Fast Frequency Response Requirements Teng, Fei; Trovato, Vincenzo; Strbac, Goran IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2434837	journal	March 2016
Duality-Free Decomposition Based Data-Driven Stochastic Security-Constrained Unit Commitment Ding, Tao; Yang, Qingrun; Liu, Xiyuan IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2018.2825361	journal	January 2019
Data-driven Convexification for Frequency Nadir Constraint of Unit Commitment Shen, Yukang; Wu, Wenchuan; Wang, Bin Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, Vol. 11, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.35833/mpce.2021.000734	journal	January 2023
Data-Driven Distributionally Robust Optimization for Real-Time Economic Dispatch Considering Secondary Frequency Regulation Cost Liu, Likai; Hu, Zechun; Duan, Xiaoyu IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 36, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3056390	journal	September 2021
Primary Frequency Support in Unit Commitment Using a Multi-Area Frequency Model With Flywheel Energy Storage Saberi Oskouee, Salar; Kamali, Sadegh; Amraee, Turaj IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 36, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3074634	journal	November 2021
Secondary Frequency Regulation from Variable Generation Through Uncertainty Decomposition: An Economic and Reliability Perspective Fang, Xin; Yuan, Haoyu; Tan, Jin IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2021.3076758	journal	October 2021
Encoding Frequency Constraints in Preventive Unit Commitment Using Deep Learning With Region-of-Interest Active Sampling Zhang, Yichen; Cui, Hantao; Liu, Jianzhe IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 37, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3110881	journal	May 2022
Operating Reserves and Variable Generation Ela, E.; Milligan, M.; Kirby, B. https://doi.org/10.2172/1023095	report	August 2011
Optimizing system operation with nadir considerations via simulations of detailed system dynamic responses Ortiz-Villalba, Diego; Llanos, Jacqueline; Muñoz-Jadan, Yanira Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 212 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108533	journal	November 2022
Frequency‐constrained unit‐commitment using analytical solutions for system frequency responses considering generator contingencies Rabbanifar, Payam; Amjady, Nima IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 14, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2020.0097	journal	July 2020
Developing Frequency Stability Constraint for Unit Commitment Problem Considering High Penetration of Renewables Gao, Ningchao; Dong, Shuan; Fang, Xin 2023 IEEE 50th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC48320.2023.10360076	conference	June 2023
A Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Frequency Nadir Estimation in Power Systems Liu, Xuebo; Xie, Jian; Fang, Xin 2022 IEEE Kansas Power and Energy Conference (KPEC) https://doi.org/10.1109/KPEC54747.2022.9814724	conference	April 2022
Unit Commitment With Inertia-Dependent and Multispeed Allocation of Frequency Response Services Trovato, Vincenzo; Bialecki, Agnes; Dallagi, Anes IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 34, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2870493	journal	March 2019
Simultaneous Scheduling of Multiple Frequency Services in Stochastic Unit Commitment Badesa, Luis; Teng, Fei; Strbac, Goran IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 34, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2019.2905037	journal	September 2019
An Adaptive PV Frequency Control Strategy Based on Real-Time Inertia Estimation Su, Yu; Li, Hongyu; Cui, Yi IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 12, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2020.3045626	journal	May 2021
Data-Driven Frequency Dynamic Unit Commitment for Island Systems With High RES Penetration Lagos, Dimitris T.; Hatziargyriou, Nikos D. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 36, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3060891	journal	September 2021
Frequency-Constrained Stochastic Planning Towards a High Renewable Target Considering Frequency Response Support From Wind Power Li, Hao; Qiao, Ying; Lu, Zongxiang IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 36, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3066991	journal	September 2021
A unified analytical method to quantify three types of fast frequency response from inverter-based resources Dong, S.; Fang, X.; Tan, J. 22nd Wind and Solar Integration Workshop (WIW 2023) https://doi.org/10.1049/icp.2023.2801	conference	January 2023
Prediction of new active cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic using multiple linear regression model Rath, Smita; Tripathy, Alakananda; Tripathy, Alok Ranjan Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, Vol. 14, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.07.045	journal	September 2020
Security-Constrained Unit Commitment With Linearized System Frequency Limit Constraints Ahmadi, Hamed; Ghasemi, Hassan IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 29, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2014.2297997	journal	July 2014
A Frequency-Constrained Stochastic Economic Dispatch Model Lee, Yen-Yu; Baldick, Ross IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2236108	journal	August 2013
Modeling Frequency Dynamics in Unit Commitment With a High Share of Renewable Energy Zhang, Ziyang; Du, Ershun; Teng, Fei IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 35, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2020.2996821	journal	November 2020
Robust frequency constrained uc using data driven logistic regression for island power systems Rajabdorri, Mohammad; Lobato, Enrique; Sigrist, Lukas IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 16, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.12658	journal	November 2022
Inertia and the Power Grid: A Guide Without the Spin Denholm, Paul; Mai, Trieu; Kenyon, Richard Wallace https://doi.org/10.2172/1659820	report	May 2020
Contingency-Constrained Unit Commitment in Meshed Isolated Power Systems Sokoler, Leo Emil; Vinter, Peter; Baerentsen, Runi IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 31, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2485781	journal	September 2016
Manage Real-Time Power Imbalance With Renewable Energy: Fast Generation Dispatch or Adaptive Frequency Regulation? Gao, Ningchao; Gao, David Wenzhong; Fang, Xin IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 38, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2022.3232759	journal	November 2023
Two-Stage Chance-Constrained Stochastic Thermal Unit Commitment for Optimal Provision of Virtual Inertia in Wind-Storage Systems Ding, Tao; Zeng, Ziyu; Qu, Ming IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 36, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3051523	journal	July 2021

Similar Records

Developing Frequency Stability Constraint for Unit Commitment Problem Considering High Penetration of Renewables

Conference · 2023 · OSTI ID:2305651

Gao, Ningchao; Dong, Shuan; Fang, Xin; +3 more

Developing Frequency Stability Constraint for Unit Commitment Problem Considering High Penetration of Renewables: Preprint

Conference · 2023 · OSTI ID:2001487

Gao, Ningchao; Dong, Shuan; Fang, Xin; +3 more

Encoding Frequency Constraints in Preventive Unit Commitment Using Deep Learning With Region-of-Interest Active Sampling

Journal Article · 2021 · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · OSTI ID:1881010

Zhang, Yichen; Cui, Hantao; Liu, Jianzhe; +4 more

Related Subjects

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
frequency nadir
island system
linear regression
renewable integration
unit commitment

Title: Frequency Nadir Constrained Unit Commitment for High Renewable Penetration Island Power Systems

Citation Formats

References (37)

Similar Records

Related Subjects