Salt‐Assisted Vapor–Liquid–Solid Growth of 1D van der Waals Materials

Pham, Thang; Reidy, Kate; Thomsen, Joachim D.; Wang, Baoming; Deshmukh, Nishant; Filler, Michael A.; Ross, Frances M.

doi:10.1002/adma.202309360

Title: Salt‐Assisted Vapor–Liquid–Solid Growth of 1D van der Waals Materials

Journal Article · 18 March 2024 · Advanced Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202309360 · OSTI ID:2325302

^[1]; Reidy, Kate ^[1]; Thomsen, Joachim D. ^[1]; Wang, Baoming ^[1]; Deshmukh, Nishant ^[2]; Filler, Michael A. ^[2];

^[1]

Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

Abstract The method of salt‐assisted vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) growth is introduced to synthesize 1D nanostructures of trichalcogenide van der Waals (vdW) materials, exemplified by niobium trisulfide (NbS ₃ ). The method uses a unique catalyst consisting of an alloy of Au and an alkali metal halide (NaCl) to enable rapid and directional growth. High yields of two types of NbS ₃ 1D nanostructures, nanowires and nanoribbons, each with sub‐ten nanometer diameter, tens of micrometers length, and distinct 1D morphology and growth orientation are demonstrated. Strategies to control the location, size, and morphology of growth, and extend the growth method to synthesize other transition metal trichalcogenides, NbSe ₃ and TiS ₃ , as nanowires are demonstrated. Finally, the role of the Au–NaCl alloy catalyst in guiding VLS synthesis is described and the growth mechanism based on the relationships measured between structure (growth orientation, morphology, and dimensions) and growth conditions (catalyst volume and growth time) is discussed. These results introduce opportunities to expand the library of emerging 1D vdW materials to make use of their unique properties through controlled growth at nanoscale dimensions.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: NONE; SC0019336

OSTI ID:: 2325302

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 24 Vol. 36; ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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