Graph states of atomic ensembles engineered by photon-mediated entanglement

Cooper, Eric S.; Kunkel, Philipp; Periwal, Avikar; Schleier-Smith, Monika

doi:10.1038/s41567-024-02407-1

Title: Graph states of atomic ensembles engineered by photon-mediated entanglement

Journal Article · 29 February 2024 · Nature Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02407-1 · OSTI ID:2317721

Cooper, Eric S.;

; Periwal, Avikar;

Abstract Graph states are a broad family of entangled quantum states, each defined by a graph composed of edges representing the correlations between subsystems. Such states constitute versatile resources for quantum computation and quantum-enhanced measurement. Their generation and engineering require a high level of control over entanglement. Here we report on the generation of continuous-variable graph states of atomic spin ensembles, which form the nodes of the graph. We program the entanglement structure encoded in the graph edges by combining global photon-mediated interactions in an optical cavity with local spin rotations. By tuning the entanglement between two subsystems, we either localize correlations within each subsystem or enable Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering—a strong form of entanglement that enables the extraction of precise information from one subsystem through measurements on the other. We further engineer a four-mode square graph state, highlighting the flexibility of our approach. Our method is scalable to larger and more complex graphs, laying groundwork for measurement-based quantum computation and advanced protocols in quantum metrology.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); US Army Research Office (ARO); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; SC0019174

OSTI ID:: 2317721

Journal Information:: Nature Physics, Journal Name: Nature Physics Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 20; ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: France

Language:: English

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