The hidden roots of wetland methane emissions

Määttä, Tiia; Malhotra, Avni

doi:10.1111/gcb.17127

Title: The hidden roots of wetland methane emissions

Journal Article · 08 February 2024 · Global Change Biology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17127 · OSTI ID:2301804

^[1];

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Department of Geography University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
Department of Geography University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland, Biological Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA

Abstract Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH ₄ ) globally. Climate and land use change are expected to alter CH ₄ emissions but current and future wetland CH ₄ budgets remain uncertain. One important predictor of wetland CH ₄ flux, plants, play an important role in providing substrates for CH ₄ ‐producing microbes, increasing CH ₄ consumption by oxygenating the rhizosphere, and transporting CH ₄ from soils to the atmosphere. Yet, there remain various mechanistic knowledge gaps regarding the extent to which plant root systems and their traits influence wetland CH ₄ emissions. Here, we present a novel conceptual framework of the relationships between a range of root traits and CH ₄ processes in wetlands. Based on a literature review, we propose four main CH ₄ ‐relevant categories of root function: gas transport, carbon substrate provision, physicochemical influences and root system architecture. Within these categories, we discuss how individual root traits influence CH ₄ production, consumption, and transport (PCT). Our findings reveal knowledge gaps concerning trait functions in physicochemical influences, and the role of mycorrhizae and temporal root dynamics in PCT. We also identify priority research needs such as integrating trait measurements from different root function categories, measuring root‐CH ₄ linkages along environmental gradients, and following standardized root ecology protocols and vocabularies. Thus, our conceptual framework identifies relevant belowground plant traits that will help improve wetland CH ₄ predictions and reduce uncertainties in current and future wetland CH ₄ budgets.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth & Environmental Systems Science (EESS)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2301804

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-193933; e17127

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Journal Name: Global Change Biology Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 30; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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