Effect of CLIQ on Training of HL-LHC Quadrupole Magnets

Stoynev, Stoyan; Ambrosio, G.; Amm, K.; DiMarco, J.; Feher, S.; Ferracin, P.; Marinozzi, V.; Prestemon, S.; Yahia, A. B.

doi:10.1109/tasc.2023.3341871

Title: Effect of CLIQ on Training of HL-LHC Quadrupole Magnets

Journal Article · 12 December 2023 · IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2023.3341871 · OSTI ID:2284074

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Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

The high-luminosity LHC upgrade requires stronger than LHC low-beta quadrupole magnets to reach the luminosity goals of the project. The project is well advanced and HL-LHC quadrupole magnets are currently being commissioned in US Labs (MQXFA magnets) and CERN (MQXFB magnets). Those are the first Nb ₃ Sn magnets to be used in any large particle accelerator. At development stages, many Nb ₃ Sn accelerator sub-scale models showed relatively slow training and MQXFA magnets were projected to have low tens of quenches before reaching operational field. Recently it was shown that dedicated capacitor-based de-vices can affect Nb ₃ Sn magnet training, and it was suggested that CLIQ, a capacitor-based device intended for quench protection, can do too. Here, the present paper investigates effects on training likely induced by CLIQ, using the base fact that only half the coils in a quadrupole experience upward current modulation at quench because of capacitor discharge. The study encompasses all MQXFA production magnets trained at BNL to date. No other high-statistics data from identical magnets (series) with CLIQ protection exist so far. Implications and opportunities stemming from data analysis are discussed and conclusions drawn.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 2284074

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2298986

Report Number(s):: BNL--225285-2024-JAAM

Journal Information:: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 34; ISSN 1051-8223

Publisher:: IEEECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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