Quantifying the impact of operating temperature on cracking in battery electrodes, using super-resolution of microscopy images and stereology

Furat, Orkun; Finegan, Donal P.; Yang, Zhenzhen; Neumann, Matthias; Kim, Sangwook; Tanim, Tanvir R.; Weddle, Peter; Smith, Kandler; Schmidt, Volker

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2023.103036

Title: Quantifying the impact of operating temperature on cracking in battery electrodes, using super-resolution of microscopy images and stereology

Journal Article · 26 October 2023 · Energy Storage Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2023.103036 · OSTI ID:2280796

^[1]; Finegan, Donal P. ^[2]; Yang, Zhenzhen ^[3]; Neumann, Matthias ^[1]; Kim, Sangwook ^[4]; Tanim, Tanvir R. ^[4];

^[2];

^[2]; Schmidt, Volker ^[1]

Ulm University (Germany)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

There are numerous factors that can have an impact on the degradation behavior of batteries, such as the number of recharge cycles or the charge rate. Here, we investigate the influence of operating temperature on the structural degradation of the microstructure in lithium-ion positive electrodes. For that purpose, the microstructure is characterized for cathodes which have been cycled for 200 cycles under 6C (10-minute) charging at different operating temperatures, namely, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C. For each operating condition scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of cross-sectioned Li_xNi_0.5Mn_0.3Co_0.2O₂ (NMC532) electrodes have been analyzed, to determine structural descriptors such as global particle porosity, crack size/length/width distribution, and porosity and specific surface area distribution of individual particles. Additionally, a stereological method has been deployed to investigate the local particle porosity as a function of distance to the particle center. Results show that particle porosity increases with increasing cycling temperature. Particle porosity is greatest at the particle center and decreases along the particle radius to the exterior. Particle surface area is similar across the four cycling-temperature aging conditions.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; AC07-05ID14517; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 2280796

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2350803; OSTI ID: 2283715

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5700-87220; MainId:87995; UUID:ecaee854-5091-4a6b-afdb-f47a98b9b402; MainAdminID:71487

Journal Information:: Energy Storage Materials, Journal Name: Energy Storage Materials Vol. 64; ISSN 2405-8297

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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