Improving the barrier properties of tin oxide in metal halide perovskite solar cells using ozone to enhance nucleation

Johnson, Samuel A.; White, Keith P.; Tong, Jinhui; You, Shuai; Magomedov, Artiom; Larson, Bryon W.; Morales, Daniel; Bramante, Rosemary; Dunphy, Erin; Tirawat, Robert; Perkins, Craig L.; Werner, Jérémie; Lahti, Gabriella; Velez, Christian; Toney, Michael F.; Zhu, Kai; McGehee, Michael D.; Berry, Joseph J.; Palmstrom, Axel F.

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2023.10.009

Title: Improving the barrier properties of tin oxide in metal halide perovskite solar cells using ozone to enhance nucleation

Journal Article · 08 November 2023 · Joule

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2023.10.009 · OSTI ID:2280790

Johnson, Samuel A. ^[1]; White, Keith P. ^[1]; Tong, Jinhui ^[2]; You, Shuai ^[2]; Magomedov, Artiom ^[1]; Larson, Bryon W. ^[2]; Morales, Daniel ^[1]; Bramante, Rosemary ^[3]; Dunphy, Erin ^[1];

^[2]; Perkins, Craig L. ^[2]; Werner, Jérémie ^[1]; Lahti, Gabriella ^[2]; Velez, Christian ^[2]; Toney, Michael F. ^[1]; Zhu, Kai ^[2]; McGehee, Michael D. ^[4]; Berry, Joseph J. ^[3];

^[2]

University of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); University of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Here we investigate tin oxide growth on fullerene (C₆₀) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) for C₆₀/oxide bilayer electron selective contacts in P-I-N metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cells. An in situ ozone functionalization step is incorporated in an ALD SnO_x process to suppress sub-surface growth, leading to improved internal barrier performance of ALD SnO_x thin films grown on fullerene surfaces. We show that this approach decreases the water-vapor transmission rate of C₆₀/ALD SnO_x barriers by an order of magnitude and improves the barrier properties against gas, solvent, and halide migration. Furthermore, ozone-treated SnO_x barriers can narrow photovoltaic performance distribution without compromising efficiency. We demonstrate the universality of this approach in wide-, intermediate-, and low-gap perovskite systems and further show that enhancement of the ALD barrier layer is critical toward improving the yield of all-perovskite tandem solar cells. Two-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells incorporating ozone nucleation are reported at over 24% photovoltaic conversion efficiency.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; Colorado Shared Instrumentation in Nanofabrication and Characterization (COSINC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; EE0008551; EE0009513

OSTI ID:: 2280790

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5K00-84908; MainId:85681; UUID:ed93fb3e-04bf-4e1f-8d34-3a12bb65802e; MainAdminID:70973

Journal Information:: Joule, Journal Name: Joule Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 7; ISSN 2542-4351

Publisher:: Elsevier - Cell PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
atomic layer deposition
internal barrier
metal halide perovskite solar cells
nucleation
ozone functionalization
tandem solar cell
tin oxide

Title: Improving the barrier properties of tin oxide in metal halide perovskite solar cells using ozone to enhance nucleation

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