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Title: Acceptance tests of Hamamatsu R7081 photomultiplier tubes

Journal Article · · Journal of Instrumentation
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [5];  [2];  [6];  [6];  [3];  [6];  [8];  [2];  [9];  [9];  [10] more »;  [7];  [3];  [6];  [10];  [4];  [9];  [8];  [11];  [2];  [9];  [6];  [6] « less
  1. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
  2. University of Warwick, Coventry (United Kingdom)
  3. Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston (United Kingdom)
  4. Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston (United Kingdom); University of Sheffield (United Kingdom)
  5. University of Liverpool (United Kingdom)
  6. University of Sheffield (United Kingdom)
  7. University of California, Davis, CA (United States)
  8. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)
  9. University of Edinburgh, Scotland (United Kingdom)
  10. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Saltburn-by-the-Sea (United Kingdom)
  11. University of Sheffield (United Kingdom); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Saltburn-by-the-Sea (United Kingdom)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are traditionally an integral part of large underground experiments as they measure the light emission from particle interactions within the enclosed detection media. The BUTTON experiment will utilise around 100 PMTs to measure the response of different media suitable for rare event searches. A subset of low-radioactivity 10-inch Hamamatsu R7081 PMTs were tested, characterised, and compared to manufacture certification. This manuscript describes the laboratory tests and analysis of gain, peak-to-valley ratio and dark rate of the PMTs to give an understanding of the charge response, signal-to-noise ratio and dark noise background as an acceptance test of the suitability of these PMTs for water-based detectors. Following the evaluation of these tests, the PMT performance agreed with the manufacturer specifications. These results are imperative for modeling the PMT response in detector simulations and providing confidence in the performance of the devices once installed in the detector underground.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); Ministry of Defence
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344; NA0000979
OSTI ID:
2263542
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-850296; 1073647
Journal Information:
Journal of Instrumentation, Journal Name: Journal of Instrumentation Journal Issue: 08 Vol. 18; ISSN 1748-0221
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (7)

ROOT — An object oriented data analysis framework journal April 1997
Absolute calibration and monitoring of a spectrometric channel using a photomultiplier
  • Bellamy, E. H.; Bellettini, G.; Budagov, J.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 339, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(94)90183-X
journal February 1994
Qualification tests of 474 photomultiplier tubes for the inner detector of the Double Chooz experiment journal June 2011
Scalability of Gadolinium-Doped-Water Cherenkov Detectors for Nuclear Nonproliferation journal September 2022
Exclusion and Verification of Remote Nuclear Reactors with a 1-kiloton Gd -Doped Water Detector journal March 2023
Calibration and characterization of the IceCube photomultiplier tube
  • Abbasi, R.; Abdou, Y.; Abu-Zayyad, T.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 618, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.102
journal June 2010
Study of large hemispherical photomultiplier tubes for the ANTARES neutrino telescope
  • Aguilar, J. A.; Albert, A.; Ameli, F.
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 555, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.09.035
journal December 2005

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